如何一次转换多个变量的类 [英] How to convert class of several variables at once

问题描述

所以我有一个包含几个变量的数据框，这些变量是我想转换为数字的字符.这些变量中的每一个都以sect1"开头.我可以轻松地一次完成一个，但我想知道这是否可以一次完成.

So I have a data frame with several variable that are characters that I want to convert to numeric. Each of these variables starts with "sect1". I can do this easily one at a time, but I'm wondering if this can be accomplished all at once.

我使用以下代码以笨拙的方式完成了此操作.也许有更好的方法?

I've done this in a clunky way using the following code. Maybe there's a better way?

df=data.frame(sect1q1=as.character(c("1","2","3","4","5")),
sect1q2=as.character(c("2","3","4","7","8")),id=c(22,33,44,55,66),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
df1 = sapply(select(df,starts_with("sect1")),as.numeric)
df = select(df,-starts_with("sect1"))
df =cbind(df,df1)

推荐答案

Try mutate_each 和(根据@Franks 注释，%<>% 操作符来自magrittr 包以便就地修改)

Try mutate_each and (as per @Franks comment the %<>% operator from the magrittr package in order to modify in place)

library(magrittr)
df %<>% mutate_each(funs(as.numeric), starts_with("sect1"))
str(df)
# 'data.frame':  5 obs. of  3 variables:
# $ sect1q1: num  1 2 3 4 5
# $ sect1q2: num  2 3 4 7 8
# $ id     : num  22 33 44 55 66

或者，使用 data.table 包，您可以使用 := 运算符就地修改数据

Alternatively, using data.table package, you could modify your data in place using the := operator

library(data.table)
indx <- grep("^sect1", names(df), value = TRUE)
setDT(df)[, (indx) := lapply(.SD, as.numeric), .SDcols = indx]

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