将 HTML 列表转换为嵌套的 Python 列表 [英] Converting HTML list to nested Python list

问题描述

如果我有一个如下所示的嵌套 html(无序列表)列表:

If I have a nested html (unordered) list that looks like this:

<ul>
    <li><a href="Page1_Level1.html">Page1_Level1</a> 
    <ul>
        <li><a href="Page1_Level2.html">Page1_Level2</a> 
            <ul>
                <li><a href="Page1_Level3.html">Page1_Level3</a></li>
            </ul>
            <ul>
                <li><a href="Page2_Level3.html">Page2_Level3</a></li>
            </ul>
            <ul>
                <li><a href="Page3_Level3.html">Page3_Level3</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
    </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="Page2_Level1.html">Page2_Level1</a> 
    <ul>
        <li><a href="Page2_Level2.html">Page2_Level2</a></li>
    </ul>
    </li>
</ul>

如何在 Python 中形成嵌套列表?例如:

How do I form a nested list out of it in Python? For example:

["Page1_Level1.html", ["Page1_Level2.html", ["Page1_Leve3.html", "Page2_Level3.html", "Page3_Level3.html"]], "Page2_Level1.html", ["Page2_Level2.html"]]

我认为像 Beautiful Soup 和 HTML Parser 之类的库具有执行此操作的功能，但我无法弄清楚.感谢您的帮助/指点！

I presume libraries like Beautiful Soup and HTML Parser have facilities to do this, but I haven't been able it figure it out. Thanks for any help / pointers!

推荐答案

你可以采用递归的方法:

You can take a recursive approach:

from pprint import pprint
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

text = """your html goes here"""

def find_li(element):
    return [{li.a['href']: find_li(li)}
            for ul in element('ul', recursive=False)
            for li in ul('li', recursive=False)]


soup = BeautifulSoup(text, 'html.parser')
data = find_li(soup)
pprint(data)

打印:

[{u'Page1_Level1.html': [{u'Page1_Level2.html': [{u'Page1_Level3.html': []},
                                                 {u'Page2_Level3.html': []},
                                                 {u'Page3_Level3.html': []}]}]},
 {u'Page2_Level1.html': [{u'Page2_Level2.html': []}]}]

仅供参考，这就是我必须在此处使用 html.parser 的原因:

FYI, here is why I had to use html.parser here:

• 不要自动放置 html、head 和 body 标签, 美汤

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