在 VIM 中处理大文件 [英] Working with huge files in VIM

问题描述

我尝试在 VIM 中打开一个巨大的 (~2GB) 文件，但它卡住了.我实际上不需要编辑文件，只需高效地跳转即可.

I tried opening a huge (~2GB) file in VIM but it choked. I don't actually need to edit the file, just jump around efficiently.

如何在 VIM 中处理非常大的文件?

How can I go about working with very large files in VIM?

推荐答案

我今天有一个 12GB 的文件要编辑.vim LargeFile 插件对我不起作用.它仍然用光了我所有的内存，然后打印了一条错误消息:-(.我不能使用 hexedit，因为它不能插入任何东西，只能覆盖.这是另一种方法:

I had a 12GB file to edit today. The vim LargeFile plugin did not work for me. It still used up all my memory and then printed an error message :-(. I could not use hexedit for either, as it cannot insert anything, just overwrite. Here is an alternative approach:

您拆分文件，编辑部分，然后重新组合.不过，您仍然需要两倍的磁盘空间.

You split the file, edit the parts and then recombine it. You still need twice the disk space though.

• 搜索您要编辑的行周围的内容:

• Grep for something surrounding the line you would like to edit:

grep -n 'something' HUGEFILE | head -n 1

提取文件的那个范围.假设您要编辑的行位于第 4 行和第 5 行.然后执行:

Extract that range of the file. Say the lines you want to edit are at line 4 and 5. Then do:

sed -n -e '4,5p' -e '5q' HUGEFILE > SMALLPART

• 需要 -n 选项来抑制 sed 打印所有内容的默认行为
• 4,5p 打印第 4 行和第 5 行
• 5q 在处理第 5 行后中止 sed
• The -n option is required to suppress the default behaviour of sed to print everything
• 4,5p prints lines 4 and 5
• 5q aborts sed after processing line 5

使用您喜欢的编辑器编辑 SMALLPART.

Edit SMALLPART using your favourite editor.

合并文件:

(head -n 3 HUGEFILE; cat SMALLPART; sed -e '1,5d' HUGEFILE) > HUGEFILE.new 

• 即:从 HUGEFILE 中选择编辑行之前的所有行(在本例中是前 3 行)，将其与编辑行(在本例中为第 4 行和第 5 行)合并并使用此组合行集替换 HUGEFILE 中的等效项(在本例中为前 5 行)并将其全部写入新文件.

HUGEFILE.new 现在将成为您编辑的文件，您可以删除原来的 HUGEFILE.

HUGEFILE.new will now be your edited file, you can delete the original HUGEFILE.

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