哪个 Swing 布局管理器可以获得我想要的布局? [英] Which Swing layout manager to get my desired layout?

问题描述

我正在尝试按照这个模型制作一个基本的登录菜单:

I am trying to make a basic login menu following this mock up :

我决定将整个菜单放入一个 JPanel 中，以便在连接成功后切换到另一个面板.

I decided to put this whole menu into a JPanel so I can switch to another panel once the connexion is successful.

所以我决定使用Borderlayout在北区有标题，在南区有连接按钮.

So I decided to use a Borderlayout to have the title in north area and the connect button in the south area .

我将边框布局的中心作为面板本身.我决定让它成为一个网格布局，既包含标签(登录名、密码)，又包含用户输入 ID 的文本字段.

I made the center of the borderlayout a panel itself . I decided to make it a gridlayout to both have the labels(login,password) but also the textfield in which the user will put his id.

结果非常难看，与我预期的相差甚远:

The result is very ugly and very far from what I expected :

这是菜单的代码:

public class EcranAccueil extends JPanel {    
    private JLabel labelTitre;
    private JPanel PanelConnexion;
    private JButton boutonConnexion;     
    private JLabel labelLogin;
    private JLabel labelMotDepasse;
    private JTextField loginUser;
    private JTextField MotDepasseUser;

     EcranAccueil(EcranGestion EcranPrincipale){
            PanelConnexion = new JPanel();     
            this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
            PanelConnexion.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
            loginUser = new JTextField("User");
            loginUser.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(20,20));
            loginUser.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(20,20));
            MotDepasseUser = new JTextField("Password");
            boutonConnexion = new JButton("Connect");
            boutonConnexion.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(200,200));
            boutonConnexion.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(200,200));
            labelTitre=  new JLabel("ApplicationName");
            labelLogin=  new JLabel("Login");
            labelMotDepasse =  new JLabel("Password");          
            PanelConnexion.add(labelLogin);
            PanelConnexion.add(loginUser);
            PanelConnexion.add(labelMotDepasse);
            PanelConnexion.add(MotDepasseUser);
            this.add(labelTitre, BorderLayout.NORTH);
            this.add(PanelConnexion, BorderLayout.CENTER);       
            this.add(boutonConnexion, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
            }     }

我尝试使用 gridboxlayout 但我完全没有使用它并且它没有编译.有没有人有意见或建议?

I tried to use a gridboxlayout but I completely failed at using it and it did not compile. Does anyone have advices or suggestion?

推荐答案

解决复杂计算任务的常见策略是将它们分解为小的、定义明确的可管理任务.分而治之.这也适用于 gui:将设计分解为小而易于布局的容器.在这种情况下，例如首先将设计分为 3 个区域:

A common strategy to solve complex computing tasks, is to break them into small, well defined manageable tasks. Divide and conquer. This also applies to gui: break the design into small, easy to layout containers. In this case, for example start by dividing the design into 3 areas:

每个这样的区域都由一个嵌套面板实现.正如您在代码中看到的那样，mainPanel 被进一步划分为两个嵌套的面板，以简化和改进布局:

Each such area is implemented by a nested panel. As you can see in the code, mainPanel is further divided into two nested panels, to ease and improve layout:

class EcranAccueil extends JPanel {

    EcranAccueil(){
        //Set layout (JPanel uses Flowlayout by default)
        setLayout(new BorderLayout(5,5));

        // a nested panel for application label
        JPanel topPanel = new JPanel();
        add(topPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        topPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING));//set

        JLabel labelTitre=  new JLabel("ApplicationName");
        topPanel.add(labelTitre);

        // a nested panel for login and password, having two rows
        JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        add(mainPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        JPanel loginPanel = new JPanel();
        loginPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.TRAILING));
        mainPanel.add(loginPanel);

        JLabel labelLogin = new JLabel("Login");
        loginPanel.add(labelLogin);

        JTextField loginUser = new JTextField("User");
        loginUser.setColumns(10);
        loginPanel.add(loginUser);

        JPanel passwordPanel = new JPanel();
        passwordPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.TRAILING));
        mainPanel.add(passwordPanel);
        JLabel labelMotDepasse = new JLabel("Password");
        passwordPanel.add(labelMotDepasse);
        JTextField motDepasseUser = new JTextField("Password");
        motDepasseUser.setColumns(10);
        passwordPanel.add(motDepasseUser);

        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        buttonPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
        add(buttonPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        JButton boutonConnexion = new JButton("Connect");
        buttonPanel.add(boutonConnexion);
    }
}

一旦你有了基本的想法，就可以进一步改进布局及其响应能力.

Once you get the basic idea, the layout and its responsiveness can be further improved.

应用此策略的更多示例:1 2 和 3

More examples of applying this strategy: 1 2 and 3

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