从浏览器获取 URL 到 C# 应用程序 [英] Get URL from browser to C# application
问题描述
如何使用 C# .NET windows 窗体应用程序从正在运行的 Chrome 或 Opera 实例获取 url?谢谢！
How can I get the url from a running instance of Chrome or Opera using C# .NET windows form app? Thanks!
推荐答案
第 2 部分:
基本上我有太多的代码来分离这个例子的最小值，但我在下面提供了我自己的算法供你倾诉.
Part 2:
Basically I have too much code to separate out the minimum for this example, but I have provided my own algorithm below for you to pour over.
这个还跟踪浏览器中的标签，当它们重新出现时(仅限 IE)，所以你需要去掉你不想要的位.我似乎记得我为 IE8 修复了这个，但不确定这个修复是否包含在这段代码中，所以如果它需要一点点调整，不要感到惊讶:)
This one also keeps track of tabs in browsers, as and when they reappear (IE only), so you will need to strip out the bits you don't want. I seem to remember I fixed this for IE8, but not sure if that fix went in this code, so don't be surprised if it needs a little tweak :)
// Iterate all browsers and record the details
IntPtr hWnd = IntPtr.Zero;
NativeWIN32.EnumChildWindows(hWnd, new NativeWIN32.Win32Callback(BrowserEnumCallback), hWnd);
/// <summary>
/// Called back for each IE browser.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <param name="lParam"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static bool BrowserEnumCallback(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam)
{
// Is this app IE?
if (NativeWIN32.GetClassName(hWnd) == "IEFrame")
{
// If this is a new browser, add it
if (!BrowserWindows.ContainsKey(hWnd))
{
// Record the Browser
BrowserWindow browser = new BrowserWindow()
{
hWnd = hWnd
};
// Store the browser in the temp list and temp member
TempCurrentBrowser = browser;
BrowserWindows.Add(hWnd, browser);
}
else
{
// Store the browser in the temp list and temp member
TempCurrentBrowser = BrowserWindows[hWnd];
}
TempCurrentBrowser.WindowText = NativeWIN32.GetWindowText(hWnd);
TempCurrentBrowser.Found = true;
// Now that we know it is a browser, look for tabbed windows and address bar
NativeWIN32.EnumChildWindows(hWnd, new NativeWIN32.Win32Callback(BrowserEnumChildrenCallback), hWnd);
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// Called back for each child window in the browser
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <param name="lParam"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static bool BrowserEnumChildrenCallback(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam)
{
string classname = NativeWIN32.GetClassName(hWnd);
switch (classname)
{
// This is the main address bar
case "Edit":
{
string url = NativeWIN32.GetWindowText(hWnd);
if (url.StartsWith(@"http://") || url.StartsWith(@"https://") || url.StartsWith("about:"))
{
TempCurrentBrowser.Url = url;
return true;
}
}
break;
case "ComboBoxEx32":
{
string url = NativeWIN32.GetWindowText(hWnd);
if (url.StartsWith(@"http://") || url.StartsWith(@"https://") || url.StartsWith("about:"))
{
TempCurrentBrowser.Url = url;
return true;
}
}
break;
// Record any sub pages still active, by title to avoid revisiting popup
// If this name matches the name of the browser, it is the current window
// If so, record the browser url for reference in that tab window
case "TabWindowClass":
{
string title = NativeWIN32.GetWindowText(hWnd);
BrowserTabWindow tabWindow;
if (!TempCurrentBrowser.TabWindows.ContainsKey(hWnd))
{
// Create a new tabbed window for the current browser
tabWindow = new BrowserTabWindow()
{
hWnd = hWnd
};
TempCurrentBrowser.TabWindows.Add(hWnd, tabWindow);
}
else
{
tabWindow = TempCurrentBrowser.TabWindows[hWnd];
}
tabWindow.WindowText = title;
tabWindow.Found = true;
}
break;
}
return true;
}
第 1 部分:
如果 Microsoft Spy++ 可以看到地址控件，那么是有可能的.
Part 1:
If Microsoft Spy++ can see the address control, then yes it is possible.
我没有安装 Opera，但 Spy++ 中的 Chrome 控件层次结构如下所示:
I don't have Opera installed, but the Chrome control hierarchy in Spy++ looks like this:
我用 Internet Explorer 做过类似的事情:
I have done similar things with Internet Explorer:
- 记录访问过的网站的日记 - 然后弹出窗口询问用户他们在做什么
- 显示在访问某些已知站点时弹出的小部件
Firefox 是问题的孩子，因为它在内部呈现地址栏，而不是通过 Windows 控件呈现，但我看到您已经找到了解决方案.
Firefox was the problem child as it renders the address bar internally and not via a windows control but I see you have already found the solution to that one.
在 C# 中，您需要对 Windows API 方法进行非托管调用.正如您单独从 C# API 代码中看到的那样(如下)，它可能会涉及到一些:
In C# you need to make unmanaged calls to Windows API methods. As you can see from the C# API code alone (below) it can get a little involved:
const int WM_GETTEXT = 0xD;
// used for an output LPCTSTR parameter on a method call
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public struct STRINGBUFFER
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
public string szText;
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr parent /*HWND*/,
IntPtr next /*HWND*/,
string sClassName,
IntPtr sWindowTitle);
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">handle to destination window</param>
/// <param name="msg">message</param>
/// <param name="wParam">first message parameter</param>
/// <param name="lParam"second message parameter></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd,
int msg, int wParam, out STRINGBUFFER ClassName);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, out STRINGBUFFER ClassName, int nMaxCount);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, out STRINGBUFFER ClassName, int nMaxCount);
//[DllImport("user32.dll")]
//[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
//static extern bool EnumChildWindows(IntPtr hwndParent, EnumWindowsProc lpEnumFunc, IntPtr lParam);
public delegate bool Win32Callback(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr lParam);
[DllImport("user32.Dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool EnumChildWindows(IntPtr parentHandle, Win32Callback callback, IntPtr lParam);
/// <summary>
/// Helper to get window classname
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static public string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd)
{
NativeWIN32.STRINGBUFFER sLimitedLengthWindowTitle;
NativeWIN32.GetClassName(hWnd, out sLimitedLengthWindowTitle, 256);
return sLimitedLengthWindowTitle.szText;
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper to get window text
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static public string GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd)
{
NativeWIN32.STRINGBUFFER sLimitedLengthWindowTitle;
SendMessage(hWnd, WM_GETTEXT, 256, out sLimitedLengthWindowTitle);
//NativeWIN32.GetWindowText(hWnd, out sLimitedLengthWindowTitle, 256);
return sLimitedLengthWindowTitle.szText;
}
所涉及的算法基本上从桌面向下搜索所有窗口，直到找到浏览器窗口(基于特定的类或窗口属性).然后它根据浏览器的类型搜索特定的子元素.当您最终到达地址控件时，您可以从控件中提取地址.希望我的助手类代码能加速您的开发.
The algorithm involved basically searches all windows from the Desktop on down until it finds Browser windows (based on specific class or window attributes). It then searches for specific child elements based on the type of browser. When you finally get to the address control you can extract the address from the control. Hopefully my helper class code will speed your development.
NativeWIN32 引用只是对包含用于其他 Win32 功能的有用常量和方法的包装类.我已将其完整添加到此处:
The NativeWIN32 references are simply to a wrapper class containing useful constants and methods for other Win32 features. I have added it here in full:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace YourProject
{
/// <summary>
/// Wrapper for native win32 calls
/// </summary>
public class NativeWIN32
{
const int WM_GETTEXT = 0xD;
// used for an output LPCTSTR parameter on a method call
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public struct STRINGBUFFER
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
public string szText;
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr parent /*HWND*/,
IntPtr next /*HWND*/,
string sClassName,
IntPtr sWindowTitle);
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd">handle to destination window</param>
/// <param name="msg">message</param>
/// <param name="wParam">first message parameter</param>
/// <param name="lParam"second message parameter></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd,
int msg, int wParam, out STRINGBUFFER ClassName);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, out STRINGBUFFER ClassName, int nMaxCount);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, out STRINGBUFFER ClassName, int nMaxCount);
//[DllImport("user32.dll")]
//[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
//static extern bool EnumChildWindows(IntPtr hwndParent, EnumWindowsProc lpEnumFunc, IntPtr lParam);
public delegate bool Win32Callback(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr lParam);
[DllImport("user32.Dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool EnumChildWindows(IntPtr parentHandle, Win32Callback callback, IntPtr lParam);
/// <summary>
/// Helper to get window classname
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static public string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd)
{
NativeWIN32.STRINGBUFFER sLimitedLengthWindowTitle;
NativeWIN32.GetClassName(hWnd, out sLimitedLengthWindowTitle, 256);
return sLimitedLengthWindowTitle.szText;
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper to get window text
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hWnd"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
static public string GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd)
{
NativeWIN32.STRINGBUFFER sLimitedLengthWindowTitle;
SendMessage(hWnd, WM_GETTEXT, 256, out sLimitedLengthWindowTitle);
//NativeWIN32.GetWindowText(hWnd, out sLimitedLengthWindowTitle, 256);
return sLimitedLengthWindowTitle.szText;
}
}
}
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