如何让 for 循环使用逗号分隔的字符串? [英] How do I get a for loop to work with a comma delimited string?

问题描述

这是我目前的代码:

for/f "tokens=1 eol=," %%f IN ("1,2,3,4") do (回声.回声%%f)

我希望产生:

<预><代码>.1.2.

等等……

但我得到:

<预><代码>.1

就是这样.我错过了什么?

解决方案

您误解了选项.

• tokens=1 意味着您只需要每行的第一个标记.您需要在线上的所有令牌.
• eol=, 表示您想将逗号解释为行尾注释的开始.您想使用 delims=, 来表示逗号是分隔符(而不是空格的默认值).

FOR/F 主要用于对文件中的行进行操作.你不这样做.您正在对单个字符串进行操作，因此鲁本斯的答案更接近您想要的:

@ECHO 关闭SET 测试=1,2,3,4FOR/D %%F IN (%test%) DO (回声.回声%%F)

但是，理论上，您应该可以这样说:

FOR/F "usebackq delims=, tokens=1-4" %%f IN ('1^,2^,3^,4') DO (回声.回声%%f回声.回声%%g回声.回声%%h回声.回声%%i)

这也有效，但可能无法按您想要的方式扩展.请注意，您必须使用 ^ 字符对字符串中的逗号进行转义，并且必须指定所需的标记，然后使用后续变量 %g、%h 和 %i 来获取它们.

This is my code so far:

for /f "tokens=1 eol=," %%f IN ("1,2,3,4") do  (
    echo .
    echo %%f    
)

I'm expecting that to produce:

.
1
.
2
.

etc...

But instead I get:

.
1

And that's it. What am I missing?

解决方案

You've misunderstood the options.

• tokens=1 means you only want the first token on each line. You want all of the tokens on the line.
• eol=, means you want to interpret a comma as the beginning of an end of line comment. You want to use delims=, instead to indicate the comma is the delimiter (instead of the default value of whitespace).

FOR /F is primarily for operating on lines in a file. You're not doing that. You're operating on a single string, so Rubens' answer is closer to what you want:

@ECHO OFF
SET test=1,2,3,4
FOR /D %%F IN (%test%) DO (
  ECHO .
  ECHO %%F
)

However, in theory, you should be able to say something like:

FOR /F "usebackq delims=, tokens=1-4" %%f IN ('1^,2^,3^,4') DO (
  ECHO .
  ECHO %%f    
  ECHO .
  ECHO %%g
  ECHO .
  ECHO %%h
  ECHO .
  ECHO %%i
)

This works as well, but probably doesn't scale in the way you want. Note that you have to escape the comma in the string using the ^ character, and you have to specify the tokens you want and then use the subsequent variables %g, %h and %i to get them.

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