如何知道谁在 python 中导入我? [英] How to know who is importing me in python?

问题描述

如何在 python 中找出哪个文件正在导入特定文件?

How can I find out what file is importing a particular file in python?

考虑以下示例:

#a.py
import cmn
....

#b.py
import cmn
...

#cmn.py
#Here, I want to know which file (a.py or b.py)
#is importing this one.
#Is it possible to do this?
...

a.py、b.py 和 cmn.py 的所有文件都在同一个目录下.

All the files a.py, b.py and cmn.py are in the same directory.

我为什么要这样做?
在 C/C++ 中，它们具有包含特性.我想做的事情可以通过C/C++代码来说明.

Why do I want to do this?
In C/C++, they have include feature. What i want to do can illuminate by the C/C++ code.

//a.cpp
....
#define SOME_STUFF   ....
#include "cmn.h"

//b.cpp
...
#define SOME_STUFF   ....

#include "cmn.h"

//cmn.h
//Here, I'll define some functions/classes that will use the symbol define
//in the a.cpp or b.cpp
...
....code refer to the SOME_STUFF.....

在 C/C++ 中，我们可以使用这种方法来重用源代码.

In C/C++, we can use this method to reuse sourecode.

现在回到我的python代码.
当 a.py 导入 cmn.py 时，我希望运行 cmn.py 并且 cmn.py 将引用 a.py.
中定义的符号b.py导入cmn.py时，希望运行cmn.py，cmn.py会引用b.py中定义的符号.

Now return to my python code.
When a.py import cmn.py, i hope to run cmn.py and the cmn.py will refer to the symbol defined in the a.py.
When b.py import cmn.py, i hope to run cmn.py and the cmn.py will refer to the symbol defined in the b.py.

推荐答案

collections 模块中的 namedtuple 代码有一个示例说明如何(以及何时)执行此操作:

The namedtuple code in the collections module has an example of how (and when) to do this:

#cmn.py
import sys
print 'I am being imported by', sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__')

这种方法的一个限制是最外层的模块总是被命名为 __main__.如果是这种情况，则可以从 sys.argv[0] 确定最外层模块的名称.

One limitation of this approach is that the outermost module is always named __main__. If that is the case, the name of the outermost module can be determined from sys.argv[0].

第二个限制是，如果使用 sys._getframe 的代码在模块范围内，它只会在 cmn.py 的第一次导入时执行.如果要监视模块的所有导入，则需要在导入后调用某种函数.

A second limitation is that if the code using sys._getframe is in the module scope it is only executed on the first import of cmn.py. You'd need to call a function of some sort after imports if you want to monitor all imports of the module.

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