发布序列化的形式数据和其他数据来MVC控制器？ [英] Posting serialized form data AND additional data to MVC controller?

问题描述

我想上一些额外的数据发送钉到我的服务器POST请求。最初，我只是发送几种形式的信息价值：

I'm trying to tack on some additional data a POST request sent to my server. Originally, I was sending just several forms worth of information:

$.ajax({
    url: 'SaveAllDetails',
    type: 'POST',
    data: $('form').serialize(),
    dataType: 'json'
});

和MVC控制器方法：

and the MVC Controller method:

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult SaveAllDetails([Bind(Prefix = "order")]ExistingOrderDetailsModel existingOrderDetailsModel, 
    [Bind(Prefix = "task")]ExistingTaskDetailsModel existingTaskDetailsModel, [Bind(Prefix = "device")]DeviceDetailsModel deviceDetailsModel)
{
    ....
}

这个伟大的工程。 MVC的模型绑定能够正确地反序列化URL恩codeD字符串。

This works great. MVC's model binder is able to correctly de-serialize the URL-encoded string.

现在，需求发生了变化。我需要用我的三种形式一起发送额外的数据阵列。数据的这个阵列是不是一个形式中保持和不具有结合preFIX。我需要做的这一切都在同一个控制器的方法，因为所有验证需要在单个事务内执行。

Now, requirements have changed. I need to send an additional array of data along with my three forms. This array of data is not held within a form and does not have a binding prefix. I need to do this all in the same Controller method because all validation needs to be performed inside of a single transaction.

所以，现在我已经得到了：

So, I've now got:

var subcomponentsGridRows = JSON.stringify(subcomponentsDetailsView.getAllGridData());
var existingOrderDetailsFormData = $('form#existingOrderDetailsForm').serialize();
var existingTaskDetailsFormData = $('form#existingTaskDetailsForm').serialize();
var deviceDetailsFormData = $('form#existingDeviceDetailsForm').serialize()

$.ajax({
    url: 'SaveAllDetails',
    type: 'POST',
    data: {
        existingOrderDetailsModel: existingOrderDetailsFormData,
        existingTaskDetailsModel: existingTaskDetailsFormData,
        deviceDetailsModel: deviceDetailsFormData,
        subcomponentsGridRows: subcomponentsGridRows
    },
    dataType: 'json'
});

这不为至少一个工作的原因。每个表单重新psented作为一个URL连接codeD字符串$ P $。 subcomponentsGridRows是一个JSON结构。 MVC模型粘合剂是不能够在一个走得太远，因为我可以告诉破译这两种类型的信息。

This doesn't work for at least one reason. Each form is represented as a URL-encoded string. subcomponentsGridRows is a JSON structure. The MVC model binder isn't capable of deciphering both types of information in one go as far as I can tell.

什么是去解决这个问题的好办法吗？

What's a good way to go about tackling this problem?

推荐答案

您可能会发现 以下插件 有用的。

You might find the following plugin useful.

下面是如何它可能对你有用。让我们先通过清洗你的控制器动作定义视图模型：

Here's how it might be useful to you. Let's start by cleaning your controller action by defining a view model:

public class MyViewModel
{
    public ExistingOrderDetailsModel Order { get; set; }
    public ExistingTaskDetailsModel Task  { get; set; }
    public DeviceDetailsModel Device  { get; set; }

    public AdditionalRowsViewModel[] AdditionalRows { get; set; }
}

在这个例子中， AdditionalRowsViewModel 显然会抱着你试图传递给控制器​​动作的附加信息。

In this example the AdditionalRowsViewModel will obviously hold the additional information you are trying to pass to the controller action.

和那么你的控制器动作将变为：

And then your controller action will become:

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult SaveAllDetails(MyViewModel model)
{
    ....
}

OK，这一步是绝对必要的，它只是当我看到一个控制器动作时间超过1的参数我简单地定义一个视图模型。

OK, this step was absolutely necessary, it's just that when I see a controller action taking more than 1 parameter I simply define a view model.

最后，让我们调整我们的AJAX调用：

And finally let's adapt our AJAX call:

$.ajax({
    url: 'SaveAllDetails',
    type: 'POST',
    contentType: 'application/json',
    data: JSON.stringify({
        order: $('form#existingOrderDetailsForm').serializeObject(),
        task: $('form#existingTaskDetailsForm').serializeObject(),
        device: $('form#existingDeviceDetailsForm').serializeObject(),
        additionalRows: subcomponentsDetailsView.getAllGridData()
    }),
    success: function(result) {
        // do something with the result of the AJAX call here
    }
});

事情需要注意：

在AJAX请求'JSON'参数：
1. 摆脱这种数据类型。您正在使用ASP.NET MVC和希望您从控制器动作是在内容类型响应头成功地设置为返回Jsonresult正确的值。 jQuery是足够的智能使用此响应头和pre-过程中的结果变量将被传递到成功您的AJAX请求的回调。因此，在这种情况下，你会得到已经JavaScript对象


2. 因为你在你的AJAX请求发送JSON的服务器，您需要正确指定的contentType：应用程序/ JSON 参数。否则，你怎么能指望的ASP.NET MVC会知道客户端发送JSON和应用正确的模型绑定？顺便说一下默认的Content-Type请求头的jQuery将发送是应用程序/ x-WWW的形式urlen codeD ，因此，如果您要发送JSON有效载荷您的POST请求，这将是该协议的冲突和侵犯。

1. Get rid of this dataType: 'json' parameter in your AJAX request. You are using ASP.NET MVC and hopefully you are returning a Jsonresult from your controller action which is successfully setting the Content-Type response header to the correct value. jQuery is intelligent enough to use the value of this response header and pre-process the result variable that will be passed to the success callback of your AJAX request. So in this case you will already get a javascript object
2. Since you are sending JSON to the server in your AJAX request you need to properly specify the contentType: application/json parameter. Otherwise how do you expect that ASP.NET MVC will know that the client is sending JSON and apply the correct model binder? By the way the default Content-Type request header that jQuery will send is application/x-www-form-urlencoded, so if you are sending JSON payload in your POST request that would be a conflict and violation of the protocol.

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