Docker - 如何在 postgres 容器中运行 psql 命令? [英] Docker - How can run the psql command in the postgres container?

问题描述

我想在 postgres 图像中使用 psql 以便在数据库上运行一些查询.但不幸的是，当我附加到 postgres 容器时，我得到了那个错误 psql 命令未找到...

I would like to use the psql in the postgres image in order to run some queries on the database. But unfortunately when I attach to the postgres container, I got that error the psql command is not found...

对我来说，如何在容器中运行 postgre sql 查询或命令是一个谜.

For me a little bit it is a mystery how I can run postgre sql queries or commands in the container.

如何在 postgres 容器中运行 psql 命令?(我是 Docker 世界的新人)

How run the psql command in the postgres container? (I am a new guy in Docker world)

我使用 Ubuntu 作为主机，我没有在主机上安装 postgres，而是使用 postgres 容器.

I use Ubuntu as a host machine, and I did not install the postgres on the host machine, I use the postgres container instead.

docker-compose ps
        Name                       Command               State               Ports            
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
yiialkalmi_app_1        /bin/bash                        Exit 0                               
yiialkalmi_nginx_1      nginx -g daemon off;             Up       443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp 
yiialkalmi_php_1        php-fpm                          Up       9000/tcp                    
yiialkalmi_postgres_1   /docker-entrypoint.sh postgres   Up       5432/tcp                    
yiialkalmi_redis_1      docker-entrypoint.sh redis ...   Up       6379/tcp     

这里是容器:

docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
315567db2dff        yiialkalmi_nginx    "nginx -g 'daemon off"   18 hours ago        Up 3 hours          0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   yiialkalmi_nginx_1
53577722df71        yiialkalmi_php      "php-fpm"                18 hours ago        Up 3 hours          9000/tcp                      yiialkalmi_php_1
40e39bd0329a        postgres:latest     "/docker-entrypoint.s"   18 hours ago        Up 3 hours          5432/tcp                      yiialkalmi_postgres_1
5cc47477b72d        redis:latest        "docker-entrypoint.sh"   19 hours ago        Up 3 hours          6379/tcp                      yiialkalmi_redis_1

这是我的 docker-compose.yml:

And this is my docker-compose.yml:

app:
image: ubuntu:16.04
volumes:
    - .:/var/www/html

nginx:
    build: ./docker/nginx/
    ports:
        - 80:80
    links:
        - php
    volumes_from:
        - app
    volumes:
        - ./docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d

php:
    build: ./docker/php/
    expose:
        - 9000
    links:
        - postgres
        - redis
    volumes_from:
        - app

postgres:
    image: postgres:latest
    volumes:
        - /var/lib/postgres
    environment:
        POSTGRES_DB: project
        POSTGRES_USER: project
        POSTGRES_PASSWORD: project

redis:
    image: redis:latest
    expose:
        - 6379

推荐答案

docker exec -it yiialkalmi_postgres_1 psql -U project -W project

一些解释

• docker exec -it对正在运行的容器运行命令的命令.it 标志打开一个交互式 tty.基本上它会导致附加到终端.如果你想打开 bash 终端，你可以这样做

• docker exec -it The command to run a command to a running container. The it flags open an interactive tty. Basically it will cause to attach to the terminal. If you wanted to open the bash terminal you can do this

docker exec -it yiialkalmi_postgres_1 bash

• yiialkalmi_postgres_1 容器名称(您可以使用容器 ID，在您的情况下为 40e39bd0329a )

• yiialkalmi_postgres_1 The container name (you could use the container id instead, which in your case would be 40e39bd0329a )

psql -U project -W project执行到正在运行的容器的命令

psql -U project -W project The command to execute to the running container

U 用户

W 告诉 psql 在连接时需要提示用户输入密码.这个参数是可选的.如果没有这个参数，会有一个额外的连接尝试，通常会发现需要密码，参见PostgreSQL 文档.

W Tell psql that the user needs to be prompted for the password at connection time. This parameter is optional. Without this parameter, there is an extra connection attempt which will usually find out that a password is needed, see the PostgreSQL docs.

project 要连接的数据库.当 -d 参数是第一个非选项参数时，不需要将其标记为 dbname，请参阅文档:-d "相当于将 dbname 指定为命令行上的第一个非选项参数."

project the database you want to connect to. There is no need for the -d parameter to mark it as the dbname when it is the first non-option argument, see the docs: -d "is equivalent to specifying dbname as the first non-option argument on the command line."

这些是您在此处指定的

environment:
    POSTGRES_DB: project
    POSTGRES_USER: project
    POSTGRES_PASSWORD: project

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