具有多个 execStart 的 Systemd [英] Systemd with multiple execStart
问题描述
我想知道是否可以使用以不同输入参数启动的相同脚本创建服务.如:
i Would know if it's possible to create service with the same script started with different input parameters. Such as:
[Unit]
Description=script description
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/script.py parameters1
ExecStart=/script.py parameters2
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
有可能吗?那么它会启动到串行模式吗?还是分成两个不同的过程?
is it possible? then it will launched to serial-mode? or into two different process?
推荐答案
如果在你的单元文件中Type=simple，你只能指定一个ExecStart，但是你可以添加任意多个ExecStartPre、ExecStartPost，但这些都不适合长时间运行的命令，因为它们是串行执行的，并且在开始下一个之前会杀死所有开始的东西.
if Type=simple in your unit file, you can only specify one ExecStart, but you can add as many ExecStartPre, ExecStartPost, but none of this is suited for long running commands, because they are executed serially and everything one start is killed before starting the next one.
如果 Type=oneshot 可以指定多个 ExecStart，它们将串行运行而不是并行运行.
If Type=oneshot you can specify multiple ExecStart, they run serially not in parallel.
如果您想要并行运行多个单元，您可以执行以下操作:
If what you want is to run multiple units in parallel, there a few things you can do:
您可以使用模板单元，因此您可以创建一个 /etc/systemd/system/foo@.service.注意:(@ 很重要).
You can use template units, so you create a /etc/systemd/system/foo@.service. NOTE: (the @ is important).
[Unit]
Description=script description %I
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/script.py %i
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
然后你执行:
$ systemctl start foo@parameter1.service foo@parameter2.service
或...
您可以创建多个链接到单个目标的单元:
You can create multiple units that links to a single target:
#/etc/systemd/system/bar.target
[Unit]
Description=bar target
Requires=multi-user.target
After=multi-user.target
AllowIsolate=yes
然后你只需将你的 .service 单元修改为 WantedBy=bar.target 就像:
And then you just modify you .service units to be WantedBy=bar.target like:
#/etc/systemd/system/foo@.service
[Unit]
Description=script description %I
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/script.py %i
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=bar.target
然后你只需并行启用你想要的 foo 服务，并像这样启动 bar 目标:
Then you just enable the foo services you want in parallel, and start the bar target like this:
$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable foo@param1.service
$ systemctl enable foo@param2.service
$ systemctl start bar.target
注意:这适用于任何类型的单位，而不仅仅是模板单位.
NOTE: that this works with any type of units not only template units.
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