使用 Bash 时您最喜欢的命令行技巧是什么? [英] What is your single most favorite command-line trick using Bash?

问题描述

我们都知道如何使用<ctrl>-R来反向搜索历史，但是你知道你可以使用<ctrl>-S来转发搜索是否设置了 stty stop ""?另外，您是否尝试过运行 bind -p 来查看列出的所有键盘快捷键?默认情况下，Mac OS X 上有超过 455 个.

We all know how to use <ctrl>-R to reverse search through history, but did you know you can use <ctrl>-S to forward search if you set stty stop ""? Also, have you ever tried running bind -p to see all of your keyboard shortcuts listed? There are over 455 on Mac OS X by default.

您最喜欢使用 bash 的最不为人知的技巧、键盘快捷键或 shopt 配置是什么?

What is your single most favorite obscure trick, keyboard shortcut or shopt configuration using bash?

推荐答案

在运行命令时，有时我想运行一个带有先前参数的命令.为此，您可以使用此快捷方式:

When running commands, sometimes I'll want to run a command with the previous ones arguments. To do that, you can use this shortcut:

$ mkdir /tmp/new
$ cd !!:*

有时，如果我需要在文件列表上运行一堆命令，我会中断单行循环而不是使用 find.

Occasionally, in lieu of using find, I'll break-out a one-line loop if I need to run a bunch of commands on a list of files.

for file in *.wav; do lame "$file" "$(basename "$file" .wav).mp3" ; done;

在我的 .bash_login(或 .bashrc)中配置命令行历史选项非常有用.以下是我在 Macbook Pro 上使用的一组设置.

Configuring the command-line history options in my .bash_login (or .bashrc) is really useful. The following is a cadre of settings that I use on my Macbook Pro.

设置以下内容会使 bash 删除历史记录中的重复命令:

Setting the following makes bash erase duplicate commands in your history:

export HISTCONTROL="erasedups:ignoreboth"

我也将我的历史记录大小设置得相当高.为什么不?在今天的微处理器上，它似乎并没有减慢任何速度.

I also jack my history size up pretty high too. Why not? It doesn't seem to slow anything down on today's microprocessors.

export HISTFILESIZE=500000
export HISTSIZE=100000

我做的另一件事是忽略历史记录中的一些命令.无需记住退出命令.

Another thing that I do is ignore some commands from my history. No need to remember the exit command.

export HISTIGNORE="&:[ ]*:exit"

你肯定想设置 histappend.否则，bash 会在您退出时覆盖您的历史记录.

You definitely want to set histappend. Otherwise, bash overwrites your history when you exit.

shopt -s histappend

我使用的另一个选项是 cmdhist.这使您可以将多行命令作为一个命令保存到历史记录中.

Another option that I use is cmdhist. This lets you save multi-line commands to the history as one command.

shopt -s cmdhist

最后，在 Mac OS X 上(如果您不使用 vi 模式)，您需要重置 <CTRL>-S，使其不再滚动停止.这可以防止 bash 将其解释为前向搜索.

Finally, on Mac OS X (if you're not using vi mode), you'll want to reset <CTRL>-S from being scroll stop. This prevents bash from being able to interpret it as forward search.

stty stop ""

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