R:用逗号将变量列拆分为多个(不平衡)列 [英] R: Split Variable Column into multiple (unbalanced) columns by comma

问题描述

我有一个包含 25 个变量和超过 200 万个观测值的数据集.我的一个变量是几个不同类别"的组合，我想将它们拆分到每列显示 1 个类别的位置(类似于拆分在 stata 中的作用).例如:

I have a dataset of 25 variables and over 2 million observations. One of my variables is a combination of a few different "categories" that I want to split to where it shows 1 category per column (similar to what split would do in stata). For example:

# Name      Age     Number               Events                      First 
# Karen      24        8         Triathlon/IM,Marathon,10k,5k         0
# Kurt       39        2         Half-Marathon,10k                    0 
# Leah       18        0                                              1

我希望它看起来像:

# Name   Age  Number Events_1        Event_2      Events_3     Events_4      First
# Karen   24    8     Triathlon/IM    Marathon       10k         5k             0
# Kurt    39    2     Half-Marathon   10k            NA          NA             0 
# Leah    18    0     NA              NA             NA          NA             1

我已经浏览过stackoverflow，但没有找到任何有效的东西(一切都给了我某种错误).任何建议将不胜感激.

I have looked through stackoverflow but have not found anything that works (everything gives me an error of some sort). Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

注意:可能并不重要，但 1 个人拥有的最大类别数是 19，因此我需要创建 Event_1:Event_19

Note: May not be important but the largest number of categories 1 person has is 19 therefore I would need to create Event_1:Event_19

评论:以前的堆栈溢出建议使用单独的函数，但是该函数似乎不适用于我的数据集.当我输入函数时，程序运行但当它完成时什么都没有改变，没有输出，也没有错误代码.当我尝试使用其他线程中提出的其他建议时，我收到了错误消息.但是，我终于通过使用 cSplit 函数得到了它.感谢帮助！！！

Comment: Previous stack overflows have suggested the separate function, however this function does not seem to work with my dataset. When I input the function the program runs but when it is finished nothing is changed, there is no output, and no error code. When I tried to use other suggestions made in other threads I received error messages. However, I finally got it is work by using the cSplit function. Thank for the help!!!

推荐答案

来自 Ananda 的 splitstackshape 包:

From Ananda's splitstackshape package:

cSplit(df, "Events", sep=",")
#    Name Age Number First      Events_1 Events_2 Events_3 Events_4
#1: Karen  24      8     0  Triathlon/IM Marathon      10k       5k
#2:  Kurt  39      2     0 Half-Marathon      10k       NA       NA
#3: Leah   18      0     1            NA       NA       NA       NA

或者使用tidyr:

separate(df, 'Events', paste("Events", 1:4, sep="_"), sep=",", extra="drop")
#   Name Age Number               Events_1 Events_2 Events_3 Events_4 First
#1 Karen  24      8           Triathlon/IM Marathon      10k       5k     0
#2  Kurt  39      2          Half-Marathon      10k     <NA>     <NA>     0
#3 Leah   18      0                     NA     <NA>     <NA>     <NA>     1

使用 data.table 包:

setDT(df)[,paste0("Events_", 1:4) := tstrsplit(Events, ",")][,-"Events", with=F]
#    Name Age Number First               Events_1 Events_2 Events_3 Events_4
#1: Karen  24      8     0           Triathlon/IM Marathon      10k       5k
#2:  Kurt  39      2     0          Half-Marathon      10k       NA       NA
#3: Leah   18      0     1                     NA       NA       NA       NA

数据

df <- structure(list(Name = structure(1:3, .Label = c("Karen", "Kurt", 
"Leah "), class = "factor"), Age = c(24L, 39L, 18L), Number = c(8L, 
2L, 0L), Events = structure(c(3L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("               NA", 
"         Half-Marathon,10k", "     Triathlon/IM,Marathon,10k,5k"
), class = "factor"), First = c(0L, 0L, 1L)), .Names = c("Name", 
"Age", "Number", "Events", "First"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-3L))

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