在Ruby中将二进制文件作为字符串读取 [英] Read binary file as string in Ruby

问题描述

我需要一种简单的方法来获取 tar 文件并将其转换为字符串(反之亦然).有没有办法在 Ruby 中做到这一点?我最好的尝试是这样的:

I need an easy way to take a tar file and convert it into a string (and vice versa). Is there a way to do this in Ruby? My best attempt was this:

file = File.open("path-to-file.tar.gz")
contents = ""
file.each {|line|
  contents << line
}

我认为这足以将其转换为字符串，但是当我尝试像这样将其写回时...

I thought that would be enough to convert it to a string, but then when I try to write it back out like this...

newFile = File.open("test.tar.gz", "w")
newFile.write(contents)

这不是同一个文件.执行 ls -l 显示文件大小不同，尽管它们非常接近(打开文件会显示大部分内容完整无缺).是我犯了一个小错误，还是有一种完全不同(但可行)的方法来实现这一目标?

It isn't the same file. Doing ls -l shows the files are of different sizes, although they are pretty close (and opening the file reveals most of the contents intact). Is there a small mistake I'm making or an entirely different (but workable) way to accomplish this?

推荐答案

首先，您应该将文件作为二进制文件打开.然后，您可以在一个命令中读取整个文件.

First, you should open the file as a binary file. Then you can read the entire file in, in one command.

file = File.open("path-to-file.tar.gz", "rb")
contents = file.read

这会将整个文件放在一个字符串中.

That will get you the entire file in a string.

在那之后，您可能想要file.close.如果你不这样做，file在被垃圾收集之前不会被关闭，所以它在打开时会稍微浪费系统资源.

After that, you probably want to file.close. If you don’t do that, file won’t be closed until it is garbage-collected, so it would be a slight waste of system resources while it is open.

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