了解 django.shortcuts.redirect [英] Understanding django.shortcuts.redirect

问题描述

我在理解 redirect 或更确切地说 reverse 的实际工作原理时遇到了一些问题.

I have a couple problems understanding how redirect or rather reverse really work.

在主 urls.py 我有:

In the main urls.py I have:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.views.generic.simple import redirect_to

urlpatterns = patterns('',
        url(r'^$', redirect_to, {'url': '/monitor/'}),
        url(r'^monitor/', include('monitor.urls')),
)

在 monitors.urls 中我有:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url 

urlpatterns = patterns('monitor.views',
        (r'^$', 'index'),
        (r'^abc/(?P<id>.*$)', 'abc'),
)   

当你调用 /monitor 我想把它重定向到 /monitor/abc 所以我做到了:

When you call /monitor I want to redirect it to /monitor/abc so I did:

def index(request):
    return redirect("abc")

def abc(render, id=None):
    return render_to_response("monitor/list.htmld", {})

但是我遇到了 NoReverseMatch 异常.但是当我这样做时:

But I got an NoReverseMatch exception. But when I do:

def index(request):
    return redirect("abc/")

然后它突然起作用了.

我无法完全理解为什么.为什么 reverse 使用 abc 失败，但使用 abc/ 失败?reverse 如何知道重定向也应该包含 monitor/ ?如果我在主 urls.py 中有另一个名为 xyz 的应用程序，它也有一个 abc 视图怎么办?

I cannot fully understand why. Why did reverse fail with abc but not with abc/? And how does reverse know that the redirect should include monitor/ as well? What if I had in the main urls.py another app called xyz which also has a abc view?

推荐答案

为什么使用abc"反向失败而不使用abc/"?

Why did reverse fail with 'abc' but not with 'abc/'?

因为它将它解释为视图名称(并且您确实有一个名为 'abc' 的视图，请参阅您的 monitor.urls 文件).这意味着 Django 将调用 reverse 来计算 URL.值 abc/ 被解释为一个实际的 URL，这意味着 Django 不会调用 reverse 来确定 URL.

Because it interpreted it as a view name (and you indeed have a view named 'abc', see your monitor.urls file). This means Django will call reverse to compute the URL. The value abc/ is interpreted as an actual URL which means Django won't call reverse to determine the URL.

这也解释了为什么 reverse 失败:名称为 abc 的视图也需要一个名为 id 的参数.否则 Django 将无法查找 URL，因为没有不带参数的 abc 视图.

This also explains why reverse failed: the view with name abc also requires an argument called id. Otherwise Django won't be able to lookup the URL as there is no view called abc without parameters.

基于文档，您应该能够使用以下方法反转 URL:

Based on the documentation you should be able to reverse the URL using:

redirect("abc", id=...)

其中 ... 是 id 参数的值.

where ... is the value of the id parameter.

反向如何知道重定向应该包括监视器/?

And how does reverse know that the redirect should include monitor/ as well?

那是因为它知道哪些 URL 可用并且 1) 它知道名为 abc 的视图的定义位置和 2) 它知道 monitors.urls 包含在monitor/ 在前面.

That is because it knows what URLs are available and 1) it knows where the view called abc is defined and 2) it knows that monitors.urls is included with monitor/ in front.

如果我在主 urls.py 中有另一个名为xyz"的应用程序，它也有一个abc"视图怎么办?

What if I had in the main urls.py another app called "xyz" which also has a "abc" view?

在这种情况下，您必须使用 命名空间.

In that case you have to use namespaces.

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