将 pip 包安装到 $HOME 文件夹 [英] Installing pip packages to $HOME folder

问题描述

有可能吗?安装 pip 时，在我的$HOME 文件夹.(例如，我想安装 mercurial，使用 pip，但在 $HOME 而不是 /usr/local>)

Is it possible? When installing pip, install the python packages inside my $HOME folder. (for example, I want to install mercurial, using pip, but inside $HOME instead of /usr/local)

我用的是 mac 机器，只是想过这种可能性，而不是污染"我的 /usr/local，我会改用我的 $HOME.

I'm with a mac machine and just thought about this possibility, instead of "polluting" my /usr/local, I would use my $HOME instead.

PEP370 正是关于这一点.只是创建一个 ˜/.local 并执行 pip install package 是否足以使这些包仅安装在我的 $HOME 文件夹中?

PEP370 is exactly about this. Is just creating a ˜/.local and do a pip install package enough to make these packages to be installed only at my $HOME folder?

推荐答案

虽然您可以使用 virtualenv，但您不需要.诀窍是将 PEP370 --user 参数传递给 setup.py 脚本.使用最新版本的 pip，一种方法是:

While you can use a virtualenv, you don't need to. The trick is passing the PEP370 --user argument to the setup.py script. With the latest version of pip, one way to do it is:

pip install --user mercurial

这将导致 hg 脚本安装在 $HOME/.local/bin/hg 中，其余的 hg 包安装在 $HOME/.local/lib/pythonx.y/site-packages/.

This should result in the hg script being installed in $HOME/.local/bin/hg and the rest of the hg package in $HOME/.local/lib/pythonx.y/site-packages/.

请注意，上述内容适用于 Python 2.6.Python 核心开发人员之间存在有点争议，关于 Mac OS X 上的适当目录位置是什么用于 PEP370 风格的 user 安装.在 Python 2.7 和 3.2 中，Mac OS X 上的位置从 $HOME/.local 更改为 $HOME/Library/Python.这可能会在未来的版本中改变.但是，就目前而言，在 2.7(和 3.2，如果 Python 3 支持 hg)，上述位置将是 $HOME/Library/Python/xy/bin/hg 和 $HOME/Library/Python/xy/lib/python/site-packages.

Note, that the above is true for Python 2.6. There has been a bit of controversy among the Python core developers about what is the appropriate directory location on Mac OS X for PEP370-style user installations. In Python 2.7 and 3.2, the location on Mac OS X was changed from $HOME/.local to $HOME/Library/Python. This might change in a future release. But, for now, on 2.7 (and 3.2, if hg were supported on Python 3), the above locations will be $HOME/Library/Python/x.y/bin/hg and $HOME/Library/Python/x.y/lib/python/site-packages.

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