在 Python (3.3) 中生成相关数据 [英] Generate correlated data in Python (3.3)
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问题描述
在 R 中有一个函数(cm.rnorm.cor
,来自包 CreditMetrics
),它获取样本数量、变量数量和相关性矩阵以创建相关数据.
Python 中是否有等价物?
解决方案
另请参阅 SciPy Cookbook 中的 CorrelatedRandomSamples.
In R there is a function (cm.rnorm.cor
, from package CreditMetrics
), that takes the amount of samples, the amount of variables, and a correlation matrix in order to create correlated data.
Is there an equivalent in Python?
解决方案
The method multivariate_normal
of the Generator
class in numpy.random
is the function that you want.
Example:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
num_samples = 400
# The desired mean values of the sample.
mu = np.array([5.0, 0.0, 10.0])
# The desired covariance matrix.
r = np.array([
[ 3.40, -2.75, -2.00],
[ -2.75, 5.50, 1.50],
[ -2.00, 1.50, 1.25]
])
# Generate the random samples.
rng = np.random.default_rng()
y = rng.multivariate_normal(mu, r, size=num_samples)
# Plot various projections of the samples.
plt.subplot(2,2,1)
plt.plot(y[:,0], y[:,1], 'b.', alpha=0.25)
plt.plot(mu[0], mu[1], 'ro', ms=3.5)
plt.ylabel('y[1]')
plt.axis('equal')
plt.grid(True)
plt.subplot(2,2,3)
plt.plot(y[:,0], y[:,2], 'b.', alpha=0.25)
plt.plot(mu[0], mu[2], 'ro', ms=3.5)
plt.xlabel('y[0]')
plt.ylabel('y[2]')
plt.axis('equal')
plt.grid(True)
plt.subplot(2,2,4)
plt.plot(y[:,1], y[:,2], 'b.', alpha=0.25)
plt.plot(mu[1], mu[2], 'ro', ms=3.5)
plt.xlabel('y[1]')
plt.axis('equal')
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
Result:
See also CorrelatedRandomSamples in the SciPy Cookbook.
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