神经网络 - 输入值 [英] Neural networks - input values
问题描述
我有一个可能微不足道的问题，但在我看过的任何地方都没有描述过.我正在研究神经网络，到处都是一些理论和一些简单的例子，其中一些 0 和 1 作为输入.我想知道:我是否必须只将一个值作为一个神经元的输入值，或者它可以是一个向量，比如说，3 个值(例如 RGB 颜色)?
I have a question that may be trivial but it's not described anywhere i've looked. I'm studying neural networks and everywhere i look there's some theory and some trivial example with some 0s and 1s as an input. I'm wondering: do i have to put only one value as an input value for one neuron, or can it be a vector of, let's say, 3 values (RGB colour for example)?
推荐答案
上述答案在技术上是正确的，但并没有解释简单的事实:永远 没有您需要的情况给单个神经元一个数字向量.
The above answers are technically correct, but don't explain the simple truth: there is never a situation where you'd need to give a vector of numbers to a single neuron.
从实际的角度来看，这是因为(如早期解决方案之一所示)您可以只为向量中的每个数字设置一个神经元，然后将所有这些数字作为单个神经元的输入.这应该会让你在训练后得到你想要的行为，因为第二层神经元可以有效地利用整个向量.
From a practical standpoint this is because (as one of the earlier solutions has shown) you can just have a neuron for each number in a vector and then have all of those be the input to a single neuron. This should get you your desired behavior after training, as the second layer neuron can effectively make use of the entire vector.
从数学的角度来看，编码理论有一个基本定理，即任何数字向量都可以表示为单个数字.因此，如果您真的不想要额外的神经元层，您可以简单地将 RGB 值编码为一个数字并将其输入到神经元.不过，这个编码功能可能会使大多数学习问题变得更加困难，所以我怀疑这个解决方案在大多数情况下是否值得.
From a mathematical standpoint, there is a fundamental theorem of coding theory that states that any vector of numbers can be represented as a single number. Thus, if you really don't want an extra layer of neurons, you could simply encode the RGB values into a single number and input that to the neuron. Though, this coding function would probably make most learning problems more difficult, so I doubt this solution would be worth it in most cases.
总结:人工神经网络的使用没有给输入单元一个向量，但不会因此失去计算能力.
To summarize: artificial neural networks are used without giving a vector to an input unit, but lose no computational power because of this.
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