如何在 Python/Jupyter 笔记本中省略 matplotlib 打印输出? [英] How do I omit matplotlib printed output in Python / Jupyter notebook?

问题描述

当我在 IPython/Jupyter 笔记本中绘制一个简单的图时，会打印输出，大概是从 matplotlib 标准输出生成的.例如，如果我运行下面的简单脚本，笔记本将打印如下一行:.

When I make a simple plot inside an IPython / Jupyter notebook, there is printed output, presumably generated from matplotlib standard output. For example, if I run the simple script below, the notebook will print a line like: <matplotlib.text.Text at 0x115ae9850>.

import random
import pandas as pd
%matplotlib inline

A = [random.gauss(10, 5) for i in range(20) ]
df = pd.DataFrame( { 'A': A} ) 
axis = df.A.hist()
axis.set_title('Histogram', size=20)

如下图所示，即使我没有打印任何东西，输出也会出现.如何删除或阻止该行?

As you can see in the figure below, the output appears even though I didn't print anything. How can I remove or prevent that line?

推荐答案

出现此输出是因为 Jupyter 自动打印单元格中最后一个对象的表示.在这种情况下，输入单元格 #1 的最后一行中确实有一个对象.这是对 .set_title(...) 调用的返回值，它是 .Text 类型的实例.此实例返回到笔记本的全局命名空间并因此打印.

This output occurs since Jupyter automatically prints a representation of the last object in a cell. In this case there is indeed an object in the last line of input cell #1. That is the return value of the call to .set_title(...), which is an instance of type .Text. This instance is returned to the global namespace of the notebook and is thus printed.

为了避免这种行为，您可以按照评论中的建议，通过在行尾附加一个分号来抑制输出，这适用于 notebook v6.3.0, jupyter_core v4.7.1 和 jupyterlab v3.0.14:

To avoid this behaviour, you can, as suggested in the comments, suppress the output by appending a semicolon to the end of the line, which works as of notebook v6.3.0, jupyter_core v4.7.1, and jupyterlab v3.0.14:

axis.set_title('Histogram', size=20);

另一种方法是将 Text 分配给变量，而不是将其返回到笔记本.因此，

Another approach would assign the Text to variable instead of returning it to the notebook. Thus,

my_text = axis.set_title('Histogram', size=20)

也解决了问题.

最后，把 plt.show() 放在最后.

Finally, put plt.show() last.

...
axis.set_title('Histogram', size=20)
plt.show()

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