如何遍历模块的函数 [英] How to iterate through a module's functions

问题描述

我在导入 foo.py 后调用了这个函数.Foo 有几个我需要调用的方法，例如foo.paint, foo.draw:

I have this function call after importing foo.py. Foo has several methods that I need to call e.g. foo.paint, foo.draw:

import foo

code

if foo:
    getattr(foo, 'paint')()

我需要使用 while 循环来调用和迭代所有函数 foo.paint、foo.draw 等.我该怎么做?

I need to use a while loop to call and iterate through all the functions foo.paint, foo.draw etc. How do i go about it?

推荐答案

你可以像这样使用 foo.__dict__ :

You can use foo.__dict__ somehow like this:

for name, val in foo.__dict__.iteritems(): # iterate through every module's attributes
    if callable(val):                      # check if callable (normally functions)
        val()                              # call it

但请注意，这将执行模块中的每个函数(可调用).如果某个特定函数接收到任何参数，它将失败.

But watch out, this will execute every function (callable) in the module. If some specific function receives any arguments it will fail.

一种更优雅的(函数式)获取函数的方法是:

A more elegant (functional) way to get functions would be:

[f for _, f in foo.__dict__.iteritems() if callable(f)]

例如，这将列出 math 方法中的所有函数:

For example, this will list all functions in the math method:

import math
[name for name, val in math.__dict__.iteritems() if callable(val)]
['pow',
 'fsum',
 'cosh',
 'ldexp',
 ...]

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