使用公共字段的最佳做法是什么? [英] What is the best practice for using public fields?

问题描述

当我编写一个类时，我总是通过这样的公共属性公开私有字段:

When I write a class I always expose private fields through a public property like this:

private int _MyField;
public int MyField
{ get{return _MyField; }

什么时候可以只公开这样的公共字段:

When is it ok to just expose a public field like this:

public int MyField;

我正在创建一个名为 Result 的结构，我的目的是这样做:

I am creating a structure called Result and my intention is do this:

public Result(bool result, string message)
{
   Result = result;
   Message = message;
}

public readonly int Result;
public readonly int Message;

最佳实践是什么?这样做可以吗?

What is the best practice? Is it ever ok to do this?

推荐答案

我只在公共字段是(静态)常量时才公开它们 - 即使那样我通常会使用属性.

I only ever expose public fields when they're (static) constants - and even then I'd usually use a property.

常量"是指任何只读的、不可变的值，而不仅仅是在 C# 中可以表示为常量"的值.

By "constant" I mean any readonly, immutable value, not just one which may be expressed as a "const" in C#.

在我看来，即使是只读的实例变量(如 Result 和 Message)也应该封装在一个属性中.

Even readonly instance variables (like Result and Message) should be encapsulated in a property in my view.

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