在 Django 模板中打印带有标签的矩阵的正确方法是什么? [英] What's the correct way to print a matrix with labels in a Django template?

问题描述

我想在 Django 中做一些非常简单的事情:将矩阵打印为 HTML 表格，并为行和列添加标签.这些是我认为的变量:

matrix = np.array([[101, 102, 103],[201, 202, 203],])colnames = ['Foo', 'Bar', 'Barf']rownames = ['垃圾邮件'，'鸡蛋']

我想要一个看起来像这样的表:

<前>Foo Bar Barf垃圾邮件 101 102 103鸡蛋 201 202 203

我的模板代码如下所示:

<tr><th></th>{% for colnames in colnames %}<th>{{ colname }}</th>{% 结束为 %}</tr>{% for rowname in rownames %}{% with forloop.counter0 as rowindex %}<tr><th>{{rowname }}</th>{% for colname in colnames %}{% with forloop.counter0 as colindex %}<td>平板电池</td>{% endwith %}{% endfor %}</tr>{% endwith %}{% endfor %}

TABLECELL 不同值的输出:

{{ rowindex }}, {{ colindex }} --> 带有索引的表   :)

{{ matrix.0.0 }} --> 满是 101 的表格   :)

{{ matrix.rowindex.colindex }} --> 带有空单元格的表格   :(

由于前两件事起作用，因此假设最后一件会给出预期结果似乎并不疯狂.我唯一的解释是 rowindex 和 colindex 可能是字符串——当然 int() 是 Django 模板中禁止的许多东西之一.

有谁知道我怎样才能做到这一点?或者理想情况下:有谁知道这是如何在 Django 中完成的?

编辑 1:

看来我必须将枚举列表传递给模板.我将它们提供为 enum_colnames 和 enum_rownames，但现在我什至无法执行嵌套的 for 循环:

<tr><th></th>{% 表示未使用的colindex，enum_colnames 中的colname %}<th>{{ colname }}</th>{% 结束为 %}</tr>{% for rowindex, rowname in enum_rownames %}<tr><th>{{rowname }}</th>{% for dont_work_anyway in enum_colnames %}<td>你看不见我.</td>{% 结束为 %}</tr>{% 结束为 %}

这给出了一个表格，其中所有 都填充了正确的标签，但根本没有 .

编辑 2:

我发现了一个非常丑陋的解决方案"，我在这里发布它作为有效"的例子，但显然不是我问题的答案——这应该如何在 Django 中完成.来了:

derp = ['', 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Barf', 'Spam', 101, 102, 103, 'Eggs', 201,202, 203]iderp = 枚举(derp)

{% for i, d in iderp %}{% 如果 i <4 %} {％循环'
''
''
''
'%}{% else %} {％循环'
''<td>''<td>''<td>'%}{％ 万一 ％}{{ d }}{% 如果 i <4 %} {% 周期</th>"'</th>''</th>''</th></tr>'%}{% else %} {% 周期</th>"'</th>''</td>''</td></tr>'%}{％ 万一 ％}{% 结束为 %}

请注意它如何仅用于此特定宽度的表格.所以在这种形式下，它甚至不是最初问题的真正解决方案.

解决方案

感谢 Paulo Almeida 在他的回答中提供了两个基本提示:

• 表格——包括标签——应该建立在视图中.

• forloop.first 可用于将标签放在 s 中.

table = [['', 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Barf'],['垃圾邮件', 101, 102, 103],['鸡蛋', 201, 202, 203],]

{% 为表中的行 %}<tr>{% 用于行 %} 中的单元格{% if forloop.first 或 forloop.parentloop.first %} 
;{% else %} 
{％ 万一 ％}{{ 细胞 }}{% if forloop.first 或 forloop.parentloop.first %} </th>{% else %} </td>{％ 万一 ％}{% 结束为 %}</tr>{% 结束为 %}

我猜我隐含的问题——如何从模板访问多维数组的值——的答案是这是不可能的.

I want to do something very simple in Django: Print a matrix as an HTML table, and add labels for the rows and columns. These are the variables in my view:

matrix = np.array([
    [101, 102, 103],
    [201, 202, 203],
])
colnames = ['Foo', 'Bar', 'Barf']
rownames = ['Spam', 'Eggs']

I want a to get a table that looks like this:

      Foo  Bar  Barf
Spam  101  102  103
Eggs  201  202  203

My template code looks like this:

<table>
    <tr>
        <th></th>
        {% for colname in colnames %}
            <th>{{ colname }}</th>
        {% endfor %}
    </tr>
    {% for rowname in rownames %}{% with forloop.counter0 as rowindex %}
        <tr>
            <th>{{ rowname }}</th>
            {% for colname in colnames %}{% with forloop.counter0 as colindex %}
                <td>TABLECELL</td>
            {% endwith %}{% endfor %}
        </tr>
    {% endwith %}{% endfor %}
</table>

Output for different values of TABLECELL:

{{ rowindex }}, {{ colindex }} --> table with the indices    :)

{{ matrix.0.0 }} --> table full of 101s    :)

{{ matrix.rowindex.colindex }} --> table with empty cells    :(

As the first two things work, it doesn't seem crazy to assume that the last one would give the intended result. My only explanation is that rowindex and colindex might be strings — and of course int() is among the many things that are forbidden in Django templates.

Does anyone know how I can make this work? Or ideally: Does anyone know how this is intended to be done in Django?

EDIT 1:

It seems I have to pass the enumerated lists to the template. I provide them as enum_colnames and enum_rownames, but now I can't even execute the nested for loop:

<table>
    <tr>
        <th></th>
        {% for unused_colindex, colname in enum_colnames %}
            <th>{{ colname }}</th>
        {% endfor %}
    </tr>
    {% for rowindex, rowname in enum_rownames %}
        <tr>
            <th>{{ rowname }}</th>
            {% for doesnt_work_anyway in enum_colnames %}
                <td>You don't see me.</td>
            {% endfor %}
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
</table>

This gives a table with all the <th>s filled with the correct labels, but no <td>s at all.

EDIT 2:

I found an insanely ugly "solution", which I publish here as an example of something that "works", but is clearly not an answer to my question — how this should be done in Django. Here it comes:

derp = ['', 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Barf', 'Spam', 101, 102, 103, 'Eggs', 201, 202, 203]
iderp = enumerate(derp)

<table>
    {% for i, d in iderp %}
        {% if i < 4 %}  <!-- if top row: th -->
            {% cycle '<tr><th>' '<th>' '<th>' '<th>' %}
        {% else %}  <!-- else: td -->
            {% cycle '<tr><th>' '<td>' '<td>' '<td>' %}
        {% endif %}
            {{ d }}
        {% if i < 4 %}  <!-- if top row: th -->
            {% cycle '</th>' '</th>' '</th>' '</th></tr>' %}
        {% else %}  <!-- else: td -->
            {% cycle '</th>' '</th>' '</td>' '</td></tr>' %}
        {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}
</table>

Note how it can only be used for tables of this particular width. So in this form it is not even a real solution for the initial problem.

解决方案

Thanks to Paulo Almeida for providing the two essential hints in his answer:

• The table — including labels — should be built in the view.

• forloop.first can be used to put the labels in <th>s.

table = [
    ['', 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Barf'],
    ['Spam', 101, 102, 103],
    ['Eggs', 201, 202, 203],
]

<table>
    {% for row in table %}
        <tr>
        {% for cell in row %}
            {% if forloop.first or forloop.parentloop.first %} <th> {% else %} <td> {% endif %}
                {{ cell }}
            {% if forloop.first or forloop.parentloop.first %} </th> {% else %} </td> {% endif %}
        {% endfor %}
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
</table>

I guess the answer to my implicit question — how the values of multidimensional arrays can be accessed from the template — is that this is not possible.

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