该脚本从命令行运行，但 crontab 失败 [英] The script runs from command line but crontab fails

问题描述

我仍在学习 Bash，但我的脚本有问题.我想用这个脚本来过滤一些呼叫，该脚本正在分析呼叫日志，每 2 分钟作为 cronjob.问题是我可以手动运行它，但是从 cron 自动运行时它会失败.我不知道为什么.它对权限大喊大叫，所以我对脚本进行了修补，所以如果它看起来很脏，我很抱歉.

I'm still learning Bash and I'm having a problem with my script. I want to filter some calls with this script that is analyzing a call log, every 2 minutes as cronjob. The problem is that I can run it manually but it fails when run automatically from cron. I don't know why. It shouts something about permissions, so I kinda patched the script, so if it seems dirty I'm sorry.

#!/bin/bash

YESTERDAY=$((`date +'%s'`-86400))
AYER=`date -d "1970-01-01 $YESTERDAY sec" +"%Y%m%d"`
FECHA=`date +"%Y%m%d"`

FILENAME="$FECHA.log"
FILE_LINE="$FECHA.last"
FILE="/apps/sittel/rawdata/mitel.$FECHA"

# Limpiar carpeta tmp

if [ -e "tmp/$AYER.lnum" ]; then
    rm tmp/${AYER}.*
fi

# Si existe el archivo con el numero de laultima linea se procesa

if [ -e "tmp/$FECHA.lnum" ]; then

    # Se lee el numero de la linea y se extrae un archivo con las lineas apartir
    # de la ultima busqueda que se hizo, posteriormente se les hace un grep

    while read line
    do
            tail -n +$line $FILE > "tmp/$FECHA.hal"
    done < "tmp/$FECHA.lnum"
    cd tmp

    grep -n " 00[0|2-9][0-9]{4,}" "tmp/$FECHA.hal" > "tmp/${FECHA}.new"

    grep -n " 900[0|2-9][0-9]{4,}" "tmp/$FECHA.hal" >> "tmp/${FECHA}.new"

    cd ..
    echo `pwd`
    cat tmp/${FECHA}.new >> logs/$FILENAME

else
    # Este caso es la primera vez que se ejecuta, verifica si el log ya existe
    # de ser asi, lo elimina para evitar duplicados

    if [ -e "logs/$FILENAME" ]; then
            rm "logs/$FILENAME"
    fi

    # Se realiza un grep en el archivo indicado y se marca el archivo de salida
    # se busca todos los numeros k empiecen con 00 seguidos de 0 a 9 execpto el 1

    cd tmp

    grep -n " 00[0|2-9][0-9]{4,}" $FILE>"${FECHA}.new"

    grep -n " 900[0|2-9][0-9]{4,}" $FILE>>"${FECHA}.new"

    cat ${FECHA}.new >> $FILENAME

    mv $FILENAME ../logs

    cd ..
fi

    cp "tmp/${FECHA}.new" "tmp/message.txt"

    echo "Mensaje" | mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$EMAIL" < "tmp/message.txt"

fi

if [ -e "tmp/${FECHA}.new" ]; then
    rm "tmp/${FECHA}.new"
fi

tail -n1 "logs/$FILENAME" > "tmp/$FILE_LINE"   

IFS=$':'
while read line
do
    DATOS=($line)
    LINE_NUMBER=${DATOS[0]}   
    echo $LINE_NUMBER > "tmp/$FECHA.lnum"
done < "tmp/$FILE_LINE"
unset IFS

这是系统打印的内容:

/apps/sittel/Alarma/callAlarm: line 56: cd: tmp: No such file or directory
mv: cannot move `20110712.log' to `../logs': Permission denied
/apps/sittel/Alarma/callAlarm: line 69: tmp/20110712.last: No such file or directory
/apps/sittel/Alarma/callAlarm: line 77: tmp/20110712.last: No such file or directory

推荐答案

您的脚本假定它是从特定目录运行的(请注意，几乎每个路径都是相对路径，而不是绝对路径).cron 恰好从另一个目录运行它.

Your script assumes that it is being run from a particular directory (note that almost every path is a relative path, not an absolute path). cron happens to be running it from another directory.

如果脚本在您从其所在目录运行时可以正常工作，请将以下内容添加到您的脚本顶部:

If the script works when you run it from the directory it lives in, add the following to the top of your script:

mydir=$(dirname "$0") && cd "${mydir}" || exit 1

说明

$0 是正在执行的 shell 脚本的(可能是相对的)文件名.给定文件名，dirname 命令返回包含文件名的目录.

Explanation

$0 is the (possibly relative) filename of the shell script being executed. Given a filename, the dirname command returns the directory containing the filename.

因此，如果 dirname 或 cd 失败，该行将目录更改为包含脚本的目录或退出并显示错误代码.

So, that line changes directories to the directory containing the script or exits with an error code if either dirname or cd fails.

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