用于生成 slug 的 Java 代码/库(用于漂亮的 URL) [英] Java code/library for generating slugs (for use in pretty URLs)
问题描述
Rails 和 Django 等 Web 框架内置了对slugs"的支持,用于生成可读且对 SEO 友好的 URL:
Web frameworks such as Rails and Django has built-in support for "slugs" which are used to generate readable and SEO-friendly URLs:
slug 字符串通常只包含字符 az
、0-9
和 -
,因此可以在没有 URL 转义的情况下编写(想想foo%20bar").
A slug string typically contains only of the characters a-z
, 0-9
and -
and can hence be written without URL-escaping (think "foo%20bar").
我正在寻找一个 Java slug 函数,它给定任何有效的 Unicode 字符串都将返回一个 slug 表示(az
、0-9
和 -代码>).
I'm looking for a Java slug function that given any valid Unicode string will return a slug representation (a-z
, 0-9
and -
).
一个简单的 slug 函数类似于:
A trivial slug function would be something along the lines of:
return input.toLowerCase().replaceAll("[^a-z0-9-]", "");
然而,这个实现不会处理国际化和重音(ë
> e
).解决此问题的一种方法是枚举所有特殊情况,但这不会很优雅.我正在寻找更深思熟虑和更通用的东西.
However, this implementation would not handle internationalization and accents (ë
> e
). One way around this would be to enumerate all special cases, but that would not be very elegant. I'm looking for something more well thought out and general.
我的问题:
- 在 Java 中生成 Django/Rails 类型 slug 的最通用/最实用的方法是什么?
推荐答案
规范化你的字符串使用规范分解:
Normalize your string using canonical decomposition:
private static final Pattern NONLATIN = Pattern.compile("[^\w-]");
private static final Pattern WHITESPACE = Pattern.compile("[\s]");
public static String toSlug(String input) {
String nowhitespace = WHITESPACE.matcher(input).replaceAll("-");
String normalized = Normalizer.normalize(nowhitespace, Form.NFD);
String slug = NONLATIN.matcher(normalized).replaceAll("");
return slug.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
}
不过,这仍然是一个相当幼稚的过程.它不会对 s-sharp(ß - 在德语中使用)或任何非拉丁字母(希腊语、西里尔字母、CJK 等)做任何事情.
This is still a fairly naive process, though. It isn't going to do anything for s-sharp (ß - used in German), or any non-Latin-based alphabet (Greek, Cyrillic, CJK, etc).
更改字符串的大小写时要小心.大小写形式取决于字母表.在土耳其语中,U+0069 (i) 的大写是 U+0130 (İ),而不是 U+0049 (I) 因此,如果您在土耳其语语言环境下使用 String.toLowerCase()
,您可能会在字符串中引入一个非 latin1 字符.
Be careful when changing the case of a string. Upper and lower case forms are dependent on alphabets. In Turkish, the capitalization of U+0069 (i) is U+0130 (İ), not U+0049 (I) so you risk introducing a non-latin1 character back into your string if you use String.toLowerCase()
under a Turkish locale.
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