Android:将位图保存为 bmp 文件格式 [英] Android : save a Bitmap to bmp file format

问题描述

我在内存中有一个位图，我需要将它保存在一个 bmp 文件中(使用 bmp 文件格式).

I have a Bitmap in memory and I need to save it in a bmp file (using the bmp file format).

有什么办法可以在Android上做到这一点吗?

Is there any way to do it on Android ?

(我阅读了很多建议使用 png 格式的帖子——这是无损的——但是，这不是我需要的:我真的需要 bmp 格式).

(I read a lot of post suggesting to use the png format - which is loss-less - but, that's not what I need: I really need the bmp format).

我已经有一些代码可以使用 Bitmap.compress 方法:

I already have some code to save it in jpeg or png using the Bitmap.compress method :

/**
 * Save data to file using format.
 * When format is null : the bitmap will be saved in bmp format
 **/

public void writeBitmapToFile(Bitmap data, File file, Bitmap.CompressFormat format) {
    FileOutputStream os = null;
    try {
        os = new FileOutputStream(file);
        if(format==null){

            //TODO : write data to file using the bmp format

        }else{
            data.compress(format, 100, os); //ok for JPEG and PNG
        }
        os.flush();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        //irrelevant code
    } finally {
        //irrelevant code
    }
}

推荐答案

(我在回答我自己的问题)

(I'm answering my own question)

这是我目前的解决方案.它源自这个来源:https://github.com/ultrakain/AndroidBitmapUtil(感谢ultrakain和@Francescoverheye)

Here is my current solution. It is derived from this source : https://github.com/ultrakain/AndroidBitmapUtil (thanks to ultrakain and @Francescoverheye )

我只是修复了必须添加到每行的虚拟字节计算中的一个小错误(因此每行的长度以字节为单位是 4 的倍数(根据 bmp 格式规范的要求).

I just fix a little bug in computation of the dummy bytes that must be added to each row (so that the length of each row in bytes is a multiple of 4 (as required by the bmp format specifications).

我还进行了一些更改以提高性能.

I also made some changes to improve the performances.

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.util.Log;

public class AndroidBmpUtil {

    private static final int BMP_WIDTH_OF_TIMES = 4;
    private static final int BYTE_PER_PIXEL = 3;

    /**
     * Android Bitmap Object to Window's v3 24bit Bmp Format File
     * @param orgBitmap
     * @param filePath
     * @return file saved result
     */
    public static boolean save(Bitmap orgBitmap, String filePath) throws IOException {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        if(orgBitmap == null){
            return false;
        }

        if(filePath == null){
            return false;
        }

        boolean isSaveSuccess = true;

        //image size
        int width = orgBitmap.getWidth();
        int height = orgBitmap.getHeight();

        //image dummy data size
        //reason : the amount of bytes per image row must be a multiple of 4 (requirements of bmp format)
        byte[] dummyBytesPerRow = null;
        boolean hasDummy = false;
        int rowWidthInBytes = BYTE_PER_PIXEL * width; //source image width * number of bytes to encode one pixel.
        if(rowWidthInBytes%BMP_WIDTH_OF_TIMES>0){
            hasDummy=true;
            //the number of dummy bytes we need to add on each row
            dummyBytesPerRow = new byte[(BMP_WIDTH_OF_TIMES-(rowWidthInBytes%BMP_WIDTH_OF_TIMES))];
            //just fill an array with the dummy bytes we need to append at the end of each row
            for(int i = 0; i < dummyBytesPerRow.length; i++){
                dummyBytesPerRow[i] = (byte)0xFF;
            }
        }

        //an array to receive the pixels from the source image
        int[] pixels = new int[width * height];

        //the number of bytes used in the file to store raw image data (excluding file headers)
        int imageSize = (rowWidthInBytes+(hasDummy?dummyBytesPerRow.length:0)) * height;
        //file headers size
        int imageDataOffset = 0x36; 

        //final size of the file
        int fileSize = imageSize + imageDataOffset;

        //Android Bitmap Image Data
        orgBitmap.getPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);

        //ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(fileSize);
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(fileSize);

        /**
         * BITMAP FILE HEADER Write Start
         **/
        buffer.put((byte)0x42);
        buffer.put((byte)0x4D);

        //size
        buffer.put(writeInt(fileSize));

        //reserved
        buffer.put(writeShort((short)0));
        buffer.put(writeShort((short)0));

        //image data start offset
        buffer.put(writeInt(imageDataOffset));

        /** BITMAP FILE HEADER Write End */

        //*******************************************

        /** BITMAP INFO HEADER Write Start */
        //size
        buffer.put(writeInt(0x28));

        //width, height
        //if we add 3 dummy bytes per row : it means we add a pixel (and the image width is modified.
        buffer.put(writeInt(width+(hasDummy?(dummyBytesPerRow.length==3?1:0):0)));
        buffer.put(writeInt(height));

        //planes
        buffer.put(writeShort((short)1));

        //bit count
        buffer.put(writeShort((short)24));

        //bit compression
        buffer.put(writeInt(0));

        //image data size
        buffer.put(writeInt(imageSize));

        //horizontal resolution in pixels per meter
        buffer.put(writeInt(0));

        //vertical resolution in pixels per meter (unreliable)
        buffer.put(writeInt(0));

        buffer.put(writeInt(0));

        buffer.put(writeInt(0));

        /** BITMAP INFO HEADER Write End */

        int row = height;
        int col = width;
        int startPosition = (row - 1) * col;
        int endPosition = row * col;
        while( row > 0 ){
            for(int i = startPosition; i < endPosition; i++ ){
                buffer.put((byte)(pixels[i] & 0x000000FF));
                buffer.put((byte)((pixels[i] & 0x0000FF00) >> 8));
                buffer.put((byte)((pixels[i] & 0x00FF0000) >> 16));
            }
            if(hasDummy){
                buffer.put(dummyBytesPerRow);
            }
            row--;
            endPosition = startPosition;
            startPosition = startPosition - col;
        }

        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
        fos.write(buffer.array());
        fos.close();
        Log.v("AndroidBmpUtil" ,System.currentTimeMillis()-start+" ms");

        return isSaveSuccess;
    }

    /**
     * Write integer to little-endian
     * @param value
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static byte[] writeInt(int value) throws IOException {
        byte[] b = new byte[4];

        b[0] = (byte)(value & 0x000000FF);
        b[1] = (byte)((value & 0x0000FF00) >> 8);
        b[2] = (byte)((value & 0x00FF0000) >> 16);
        b[3] = (byte)((value & 0xFF000000) >> 24);

        return b;
    }

    /**
     * Write short to little-endian byte array
     * @param value
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static byte[] writeShort(short value) throws IOException {
        byte[] b = new byte[2];

        b[0] = (byte)(value & 0x00FF);
        b[1] = (byte)((value & 0xFF00) >> 8);

        return b;
    }
}

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