如何在 Fedora 上安装旧版本的 gcc [英] How to install an older version of gcc on Fedora

问题描述

我尝试在 Fedora 31 上安装 CUDA 但在最后一步卡住了，因为 CUDA 官方支持 Fedora 29 (gcc 8.2) 而 Fedora 31 附带的版本是 9.2，然后我安装了支持 CUDA 的 Pytorch，并没有太多惊喜，不存在 CUDA 支持:

I tried to install CUDA on Fedora 31 but got stuck at the last step because CUDA officially supports Fedora 29 (gcc 8.2) while the version shipped with Fedora 31 is 9.2, I then installed Pytorch with CUDA support and without much surprise, CUDA support is not present:

>>> import torch
>>> device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
>>> device
device(type='cpu')

然后我尝试在 pkgs 上搜索 gcc、g++ 和 gfortran，但陷入了依赖地狱，类似:

I then tried to search for gcc, g++ and gfortran on pkgs, but got stuck in a dependency hell, something like:

sudo dnf install gcc-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm gcc-c++-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm -y

Error: 
 Problem 1: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides cpp = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libgomp = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
 Problem 2: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides libgfortran = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libquadmath = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libquadmath-devel = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-gfortran-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
 Problem 3: conflicting requests
  - nothing provides libstdc++ = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-c++-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++-devel = 8.2.1-2.fc29 needed by gcc-c++-8.2.1-2.fc29.x86_64

我在 找到了一堆有用的链接这篇文章 但不幸的是最后一个版本是 gcc 7.3我的最后一个选择是从源代码构建，但除此之外还有其他选择吗?我不确定我的电脑能否在相当长的时间内处理编译.

I found a bunch helpful links on this post but unfortunately the last version is gcc 7.3 My last option is building from source, but apart from that is there any other option? I'm not sure my computer can handle the compilation in a decent amount of time.

推荐答案

Build gcc-8.2.0

Build gcc-8.2.0

# dnf install gcc-c++ flex bison binutils-devel elfutils-devel elfutils-libelf-devel texinfo doxygen zlib-devel
tar xvf gcc-8.2.0.tar.xz 
cd gcc-8.2.0/
tar xvf mpfr-4.0.2.tar.xz && mv -v mpfr-4.0.2 mpfr
tar xvf gmp-6.1.2.tar.xz && mv -v gmp-6.1.2 gmp
tar xvf mpc-1.1.0.tar.gz && mv -v mpc-1.1.0 mpc
cd ../
mkdir build-gcc820
cd build-gcc820/
../gcc-8.2.0/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc82 --program-suffix=82 --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch --with-system-zlib
make 
# make install

结果:gcc82-c++-8.2.0-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qGPvF9jc6CiI1a0-c3I4Zj4vxajEwSzc/view?usp=sharing提供 /usr/bin/{gcc8, g++8, gfortran8}

安装:# dnf install Downloads/gcc82-c++-8.2.0-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm

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