如何在文本文件中检测无效的 utf8 unicode/binary [英] how to detect invalid utf8 unicode/binary in a text file

问题描述

我需要检测损坏的文本文件，其中包含无效(非 ASCII)utf-8、Unicode 或二进制字符.

I need to detect corrupted text file where there are invalid (non-ASCII) utf-8, Unicode or binary characters.

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我尝试过的:

iconv -f utf-8 -t utf-8 -c file.csv 

这会将文件从 utf-8 编码转换为 utf-8 编码，-c 用于跳过无效的 utf-8 字符.然而，最后这些非法字符仍然被打印出来.在 linux 或其他语言上的 bash 中是否有其他解决方案?

this converts a file from utf-8 encoding to utf-8 encoding and -c is for skipping invalid utf-8 characters. However at the end those illegal characters still got printed. Are there any other solutions in bash on linux or other languages?

推荐答案

假设您的语言环境设置为 UTF-8(请参阅 locale 输出)，这可以很好地识别无效的 UTF-8 序列:

Assuming you have your locale set to UTF-8 (see locale output), this works well to recognize invalid UTF-8 sequences:

grep -axv '.*' file.txt

说明(来自grep 手册页):

Explanation (from grep man page):

• -a, --text:将文件视为文本，必要时防止 grep 在发现无效字节序列(不是 utf8)后中止
• -v, --invert-match:反转输出显示不匹配的行
• -x '.*' (--line-regexp):表示匹配由任意utf8字符组成的完整行.

• -a, --text: treats file as text, essential prevents grep to abort once finding an invalid byte sequence (not being utf8)
• -v, --invert-match: inverts the output showing lines not matched
• -x '.*' (--line-regexp): means to match a complete line consisting of any utf8 character.

因此，会有输出，即包含无效的行，而不是包含行的 utf8 字节序列(因为反转 -v)

Hence, there will be output, which is the lines containing the invalid not utf8 byte sequence containing lines (since inverted -v)

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