计算时在 JTextArea 中显示文本 [英] Showing text in JTextArea while calculating
问题描述
我正在编写的一个应用程序包括一个 JButton 和一个 JTextArea.单击按钮会导致长时间计算,从而导致在 JTextArea 中显示文本.即使计算很长,我也可以在旅途中得到中间结果(例如,考虑一个将 pi 近似为 100 位的应用程序 - 每隔几秒我就可以写另一个数字).问题是,即使我编写(在 ActionListener 类中,因为按钮调用了计算)将 JTextArea 的文本设置为某些东西,在计算完成时它也不会显示,我只能看到结尾结果,计算结束后.
An application I am writing consists, among others, a JButton and a JTextArea. A click on the button leads to a long calculation, resulting in a text shown in the JTextArea. Even though the calculation is long, I can have middle-results on the go (think, for example, of an application which approximates pi up to 100 digits - every few seconds I could write another digit). The problem is, that even if I write (being in the ActionListener class because the button invoked the calculation) to set the text of the JTextArea to something, it isn't shown while the calculation is done, and I can only see the end result, after the calculation is over.
为什么会这样,我该如何解决?
Why is it so, and how can I fix it?
提前谢谢你.
推荐答案
您的问题是您在主 Swing 线程(EDT)中进行了长时间计算,这将冻结您的整个 GUI,直到进程自行完成.一种解决方案是使用后台线程进行计算,并且一种简单的方法是使用 SwingWorker 为主 Swing 线程、EDT 创建线程背景,并将中间结果发布/处理到 JTextArea 中.有关 SwingWorkers 和 EDT 的更多信息,请查看此处:Swing 中的并发
Your problem is that you're doing a long calculation in the main Swing thread, the EDT, and this will freeze your entire GUI until the process has completed itself. A solution is to use a background thread for your calculation, and an easy way to do this it to use a SwingWorker to create a thread background to the main Swing thread, the EDT, and publish/process the interim results into the JTextArea. For more on SwingWorkers and the EDT, please look here: Concurrency in Swing
另外,如果您提供一个体面的sscce,我们甚至可以提供更详细的回复,甚至可能提供示例代码.
Also, if you provide a decent sscce we can probably give you a more detailed response perhaps even with sample code.
SSCCE 示例:
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.*;
public class InterimCalc {
private JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
private JTextField resultField = new JTextField(10);
private JButton doItBtn = new JButton("Do It!");
private DecimalFormat dblFormat = new DecimalFormat("0.0000000000");
private SwingWorker<Void, Double> mySwingWorker = null;
public InterimCalc() {
mainPanel.add(doItBtn);
mainPanel.add(resultField);
displayResult(0.0);
doItBtn.addActionListener(new DoItListener());
}
public void displayResult(double result) {
resultField.setText(dblFormat.format(result));
}
public JPanel getMainPanel() {
return mainPanel;
}
private class DoItListener implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (mySwingWorker != null && !mySwingWorker.isDone()) {
mySwingWorker.cancel(true);
}
displayResult(0.0);
mySwingWorker = new MySwingWorker();
mySwingWorker.execute();
}
}
private class MySwingWorker extends SwingWorker<Void, Double> {
private static final int INTERIM_LENGTH = 10000; // how many loops to do before displaying
@Override
protected Void doInBackground() throws Exception {
boolean keepGoing = true;
long index = 1L;
double value = 0.0;
while (keepGoing) {
for (int i = 0; i < INTERIM_LENGTH; i++) {
int multiplier = (index % 2 == 0) ? -1 : 1;
value += (double)multiplier / (index);
index++;
}
publish(value);
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void process(List<Double> chunks) {
for (Double dbl : chunks) {
displayResult(dbl);
}
}
}
private static void createAndShowUI() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Decay Const");
frame.getContentPane().add(new InterimCalc().getMainPanel());
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowUI();
}
});
}
}
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