VS2012 中的 BeforeBuild 和其他目标发生了什么? [英] What happened to BeforeBuild and other targets in VS2012?

问题描述

我正在尝试在 Visual Studio 2012 中的 C++ 项目中执行一些预构建步骤，但它们没有被调用(虽然我很确定在 Visual Studio 2010 中可以使用相同的技术).命令行构建的行为完全相同.

I'm trying to get some pre-build steps to work in a C++ project in Visual Studio 2012 but they do not get invoked (while I'm pretty sure the same techniques were OK in Visual Studio 2010). Command line builds behave exactly the same.

项目文件到此结束；该文件是使用 Visual Studio 生成的，然后我只添加了最后几行:

This is the end of the project file; the file was generated using Visual Studio and then I just added the last couple of lines:

<Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
<Target Name="BeforeBuild">
  <Message Text="### BeforeBuild ###" />
</Target>
<Target Name="BeforeCompile">
  <Message Text="### BeforeCompile ###" />
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild">
  <Message Text="### AfterBuild ###" />
</Target>

这是输出:

Project "d:	emp	emp.vcxproj" on node 1 (default targets).
InitializeBuildStatus:
  Creating "Debug	emp.unsuccessfulbuild" because "AlwaysCreate" was specified.
AfterBuild:
  AfterBuild
FinalizeBuildStatus:
  Deleting file "Debug	emp.unsuccessfulbuild".
  Touching "Debug	emp.lastbuildstate".

所以只考虑 AfterBuild 而忽略其他.调查一下，我在 Microsoft.BuildSteps.targets 中找到了这个 PropertyGroup:

So only AfterBuild is considered and the others are ignored. Looking into this I found this PropertyGroup in Microsoft.BuildSteps.targets:

<BuildDependsOn>
  _PrepareForBuild;
  $(BuildSteps);
  AfterBuild;
  FinalizeBuildStatus;
</BuildDependsOn>

这不应该也有 BeforeBuild 和 BuildEvent 目标吗?还是我的 MSBuild 安装有问题导致它使用此 BuildSteps.targets 文件而不是其他文件?

Shouldn't this also have BeforeBuild and the BuildEvent targets? Or is something wrong with my MSBuild install causing it to use this BuildSteps.targets file instead of something else?

解决方案

正如 Alexey 所指出的，使用 Before/AfterTarget 提供了一种可用的解决方法.您只需要注意要使用哪些目标，但是通过查看 BuildSteps 文件很容易.目前这似乎工作正常:

As Alexey points out, using Before/AfterTarget provides a usable workaround. You just have to take care of which targets to use, but this is easy by looking at the BuildSteps file. This seems to work fine for now:

<Target Name="BeforeBuild" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
  <Message Text="### BeforeBuild ###" />
</Target>
<Target Name="BeforeCompile" BeforeTargets="BuildCompile">
  <Message Text="### BeforeCompile ###" />
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild" AfterTargets="Build">
  <Message Text="### AfterBuild ###" />
</Target>

推荐答案

我的 msbuild 目标和你描述的一样，所以我认为你的 msbuild 安装没问题.

I have same msbuild targets as you described, so I think your msbuild installation is fine.

看起来他们决定对目标和依赖项进行一些清理(不确定此问题是否与 VS 版本有关，VS 仅使用相同的目标，由 msbuild 提供).BeforeBuild 和其他目标仍然存在于 Microsoft.common.targets 中.我想它只是为 .NET 项目保留的(我从未玩过 C++ 项目，所以我不知道如何在那里构建管道).

Looks like they decide to make some cleanup to targets and dependencies ( not sure if this issue related to VS version, VS just using same targets, provided by msbuild). BeforeBuild and other targets still exists in Microsoft.common.targets. I suppose it just reserved for .NET projects (I never played with C++ ones, so I don't know, how to build a pipeline there).

无论它在以前的版本上是否有效，您的问题都可以更轻松地解决 - 只需使用 MSBuild 4.0 的新属性 BeforeTargetsAfterTargets 并将您的目标直接挂在您想要的任何东西上:

Anyway whether it works or not on previous versions, your problem can be solved much easier - just use new attributes BeforeTargetsAfterTargets for MSBuild 4.0 and hook your targets directly on whatever you want:

<Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
<Target Name="BeforeBuild" BeforeTargets="Build">
     <Message Text="### BeforeBuild ###" Importance="high" />
</Target>
<Target Name="BeforeCompile" BeforeTargets="Compile">
    <Message Text="### BeforeCompile ###" Importance="high" />
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild" AfterTargets="Build">
    <Message Text="### AfterBuild ###" Importance="high" />
</Target>

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