尝试同时使用板载 iGPU 和 Nvidia 独立卡时，CUDA 失败.我如何同时使用离散的 nvidia 和集成(板载)intel gpu? [英] CUDA fails when trying to use both onboard iGPU and Nvidia discrete card. How can i use both discrete nvidia and integrated (onboard) intel gpu?
问题描述
我最近在让我的电脑 (ivybridge) 使用板载 gpu (intel igpu HD4000) 进行正常屏幕显示使用时遇到了一些麻烦，而我在离散的 Nvidia GT 640 上运行我的 CUDA 程序进行计算我在我的机器上.问题是在 iGPU 显示下，CUDA 将无法识别 nvidia 卡，并且根本无法加载 nvidia 驱动程序.
I had recently some trouble making my pc (ivybridge) use the onboard gpu (intel igpu HD4000) for normal screen display usage, while i run my CUDA programs for computations on the discrete Nvidia GT 640 i have on my machine. The problem was that under iGPU display, CUDA would be unable to spot the nvidia card, and the nvidia drivers would not load at all.
请记住，在为显示设备使用 nvidia windows 驱动程序时存在已确认的问题(主要与并发有关)，并且还希望使用 CUDA.当您使用 Intel gpu 作为显示器时，这些问题可能会被覆盖(因此仅加载所述Nvidia驱动程序的一小部分)并且开启很多情况下不存在用于 linux 发行版的 nvidia 驱动程序.
Keep in mind that there are confirmed issues (mostly about concurrency) when using the nvidia windows drivers for display devices, and also want to use CUDA. Those issues can get overridden when you use the Intel gpu as display (thus loading only a minimal part of said Nvidia drivers) and are on many occasions non-existent with nvidia drivers for linux distributions.
在使用 virtu mvp 等不良软件遇到很多麻烦后，我发现解决方案非常简单，但无处可寻.
After getting in a lot of trouble with bad software like virtu mvp, i found the solution to be really simple, but nowhere to be found.
我在这里发布它希望它有所帮助.请发表任何评论以使答案更完整，即使某些 pc 配置失败，以便我们澄清更广泛场景的说明.
I post it here in hope that it helps. Please post any comments to make the answers more complete, even if it fails for some pc configurations, so we can clarify the instructions for a wider range of scenarios.
推荐答案
您必须为集成的板载 gpu 安装驱动程序.这可以通过在 bios 中使用 iGPU 时启动来完成设置，你的电脑应该能够加载它需要的驱动程序它自己的.对于我的 Ivy 桥，BIOS 设置如下:
You have to install the drivers for your integrated onboard gpu. This can be done by booting up while using iGPU from bios settings, and your pc shall be able to load the drivers it needs on its own. For my Ivy bridge, the bios settings are these:
在启动时反复按 del 进入 BIOS.
Go to bios by repeatedly pressing del on startup.
按 F7 或鼠标点击进入高级模式相应的选项
Go to Advanced Mode by pressing F7 or by mouse clicking the respective option
转到高级选项卡，系统代理，并启用 iGPU 作为主要 iGPU，然后多显示器支持.
Go to Advanced tab,System Agent, and enable as primary the iGPU, and the multi-monitor support.
您使用 iGPU(我的是 HD4000)启动，检查一切正常，但现在您看到提到的问题:CUDA 设备无法找到/使用(特斯拉除外，我认为，因为它们不被视为显示，所以它们与此无关).通常，您可以在设备管理器下找到离散 gpu 并从那里手动更新它.然后，CUDA 应该能够发现您的 gpu.如果这不起作用，请继续执行第 3 步.
You boot with the iGPU (mine was HD4000), check that all is ok, but now you see the problem mentioned: CUDA devices can't be found/used (Except Tesla, i think, since they are not considered display and so they have nothing to do with this). Normally, you can find the discrete gpu under the device manager and update it manually from there. Then, CUDA should be able to spot your gpu. If that doesn't work, proceed to step 3.
您重新启动，再次进入 bios，选择 PCI-E 卡作为主卡，然后启动.您现在应该使用 nvidia 卡，一切正常，但 仍然无法同时使用 iGPU 和 Nvidia.使用Nvidia卡时，进入设备管理器，在显示设备中找到Intel iGPU，并进行驱动更新.这是必需的，尽管我们已经让英特尔在前面的步骤中获得了自己的驱动程序.
You reboot, go to bios again, select as primary the PCI-E card, and boot. You should be now using the nvidia card and everything should be normal, but still no way to use both iGPU and Nvidia. While using Nvidia card, go to device manager, find Intel iGPU in display devices, and perform a driver update. This is needed despite the fact that we have already let intel get its own drivers on the previous steps.
完成后，再次进入启动菜单，将 iGPU 用作主 iGPU，将显示器插入其中，现在，当使用它时，CUDA 将能够看到 NVIDIA 卡并在其中执行计算，而显示器使用 iGPU，系统保持响应！我认为这也可以用于游戏或其他性能原因，例如集成(板载 GPU)和独立 GPU 上的双显示器.
When done, go to boot menu again, use as primary the iGPU, plug your display in it, and now, when using it, CUDA will be able to see the NVIDIA card and perform computations in it, while the display uses the iGPU, and the system remains responsive! I think this can also be used for gaming, or other performance reasons, like Dual monitors on integrated (onboard GPU) and discrete GPU.
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