爱因斯坦谜语与术语列表 [英] Einstein Riddle with List of terms

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问题描述

我在 Prolog 中实现了 Einstein Riddle，并试图找出谁在家里养了一条鱼.
我在此代码中找不到错误，并且跟踪选项无助于解决此问题；)

规则:

  1. 挪威人住在第一所房子里
  2. 英国人住在红房子里.
  3. 温室就位于白宫的左侧.
  4. 丹麦人喝茶.
  5. 轻度吸烟者生活在猫的饲养者旁边.
  6. 黄房子的居民抽着雪茄.
  7. 德国人抽水烟.
  8. 中心住宅的一位居民喝牛奶.
  9. 轻度吸烟者有一个喝水的邻居.
  10. 吸烟不带过滤嘴繁殖鸟类.
  11. 瑞典犬.
  12. 挪威人住在蓝房子旁边.
  13. 养马的人住在黄房子旁边.
  14. 抽薄荷醇喝啤酒.
  15. 他们在温室里喝咖啡.

这是我的代码:

on_the_left(X, Y, N) :-Y 是 X - 1，+ Y <1、+ X >N.next_to(X, Y, N) :-( Y 是 X + 1;Y 是 X - 1),+ X >N,+ Y >N,+ X <1、+ Y <1.鱼(谁):-房子= [房子(1，_Color1，_From1，_Animal1，_Drink1，_Smoke1)，房子(2，_Color2，_From2，_Animal2，_Drink2，_Smoke2)，房子(3，_Color3，_From3，_Animal3，_Drink3，_Smoke3)，房子(4，_Color4，_From4，_Animal4，_Drink4，_Smoke4)，房子(5，_Color5，_From5，_Animal5，_Drink5，_Smoke5)]，N 为 5，%-- 提示 1成员(房子(1，_，挪威，_，_，_)，房子)，%-- 提示 2成员(房子(_，红色，英格兰，_，_，_)，房子)，%-- 提示 3 - on_the_left成员(房子(绿色，绿色，_，_，_，_)，房子)，成员(房子(白色，白色，_，_，_，_)，房子)，on_the_left(绿色，白色，N)，%-- 提示 4成员(房子(_，_，丹麦，_，茶，_)，房子)，%-- 提示 5 - next_to成员(房子(灯光，_，_，_，_，灯光)，房子)，成员(房子(猫，_，_，猫，_，灯)，房子)，next_to(灯光，猫，N)，%-- 提示 6成员(房子(_，黄色，_，_，_，雪茄)，房子)，%-- 提示 7成员(房子(_，_，德国，_，_，水管)，房子)，%-- 提示 8成员(房子(3，_，_，_，牛奶，_)，房子)，%-- 提示 9 - next_to成员(房子(水，_，_，_，水，_)，房子)，next_to(光，水，N)，%-- 提示 10成员(房子(_，_，_，鸟，_，无过滤器)，房子)，%-- 提示 11成员(房子(_，_，瑞典，狗，_，_)，房子)，%-- 提示 12 - next_to成员(房屋(挪威，_，挪威，_，_，_)，房屋)，成员(房子(蓝色，蓝色，_，_，_，_)，房子)，next_to(挪威，蓝色，N)，%-- 提示 13 - next_to成员(房子(马，_，_，马，_，_)，房子)，next_to(马，绿色，N)，%-- 提示 14成员(房子(_，_，_，_，啤酒，薄荷醇)，房子)，%-- 提示 15成员(房子(_，绿色，_，_，咖啡，_)，房子)，%-- 最后一个问题 - 谁放了鱼?成员(房子(_，_，_，鱼，_，_)，房子)，成员(房子(_，_，谁，鱼，_，_)，房子).

我尝试了很多组合但是:

<块引用>

?- 鱼(谁).
假的.


代码现在可以工作了，我改变了什么:

1* 来自:

%-- 提示 5 - next_to成员(房子(灯光，_，_，_，_，灯光)，房子)，成员(房子(猫，_，_，猫，_，灯)，房子)，

收件人:

%-- 提示 5 - next_to成员(房子(灯光，_，_，_，_，灯光)，房子)，成员(房子(猫，_，_，猫，_，_)，房子)，

2* 来自:

%-- 提示 13 - next_to成员(房子(马，_，_，马，_，_)，房子)，next_to(马，绿色，N)，

收件人:

%-- 提示 13 - next_to成员(房子(黄色，黄色，_，_，_，_)，房子)，成员(房子(马，_，_，马，_，_)，房子)，next_to(马，黄色，N)，

如果您正在阅读这篇文章，请查看关于辅助谓词中结构的 @Enigmativity 评论.

解决方案

你的线索中有两个错误 - 第一个你已经用 light 吸烟者修复了.二是horse的主人住在yellow房子旁边，而不是green.

现在，我的序言卡在 + 运算符上，所以我重新编码了您的辅助谓词.这就是我所做的:

<上一页>首先(H，[H|_]).on_the_left(X,Y,[X,Y|_]).on_the_left(X,Y,[_|Hs]) :- on_the_left(X,Y,Hs).next_to(X,Y,[X,Y|_]).next_to(X,Y,[Y,X|_]).next_to(X,Y,[_|Hs]) :- next_to(X,Y,Hs).中间(X，[_，_，X，_，_]).

现在这个谜题很好地利用了这些线索:

<上一页>鱼(谁):-房子= [房子(_Color1，_From1，_Animal1，_Drink1，_Smoke1)，房子(_Color2，_From2，_Animal2，_Drink2，_Smoke2)，房子(_Color3，_From3，_Animal3，_Drink3，_Smoke3)，房子(_Color4，_From4，_Animal4，_Drink4，_Smoke4)，房子(_Color5，_From5，_Animal5，_Drink5，_Smoke5)]，first(house(_, norway, _, _, _), Houses), %-- 提示 1member(house(red, england, _, _, _), Houses), %-- 提示 2on_the_left(房子(绿色，_，_，_，_)，房子(白色，_，_，_，_)，房子)，%--提示 3 - on_the_leftmember(house(_, denmark, _, tea, _), Houses), %-- 提示 4next_to(house(_, _, _, _, light), house(_, _, cat, _, _), Houses), %-- 提示 5 - next_tomember(house(yellow, _, _, _, cigar), Houses), %-- 提示 6成员(房屋(_，德国，_，_，水管)，房屋)，%--提示 7中间(房子(_，_，_，牛奶，_)，房子)，%--提示8next_to(house(_, _, _, _, light), house(_, _, _, water, _), Houses), %-- 提示 9 - next_tomember(house(_, _, bird, _, nofilter), Houses), %-- 提示 10member(house(_, sweden, dog, _, _), Houses), %-- 提示 11next_to(house(_, norway, _, _, _), house(blue, _, _, _, _), Houses), %-- 提示 12 - next_tonext_to(house(_, _, horse, _, _), house(yellow, _, _, _, _), Houses), %-- 提示 13 - next_tomember(house(_, _, _, beer, menthol), Houses), %-- 提示 14member(house(green, _, _, coffee, _), Houses), %-- 提示 15成员(房子(_，谁，鱼，_，_)，房子)，写(房屋)，NL.

我明白了:

<上一页>[房子(黄色，挪威，猫，水，雪茄)，房子(蓝色，丹麦，马，茶，灯)，房子(红色，英国，鸟，牛奶，无过滤器)，房子(绿色，德国，鱼，咖啡，水烟), 房子(白, 瑞典, 狗, 啤酒, 薄荷)]德国

I implemented Einstein Riddle in Prolog and I'm trying to find out who had a fish at home.
I can't find fault in this code and trace option is not helping with this problem ;)

Rules:

  1. Norwegian lives in first house
  2. The Englishman lives in a red house.
  3. The green house is located directly on the left side of the white house.
  4. Dane drink tea.
  5. Light smoker lives next to the breeders of cats.
  6. A resident of the yellow house smokes a cigar.
  7. German smokes a water-pipe.
  8. A resident of the center house drinks milk.
  9. Light smoker has a neighbor who drink the water.
  10. Smoke cigarettes without filter breeding birds.
  11. Swede bred dogs.
  12. The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
  13. Breeder of horses lives next to the yellow house.
  14. Smoke menthol drink beer.
  15. In the green house they drink coffee.

Here is my code: 

on_the_left(X, Y, N) :-
    Y is X - 1,
    + Y < 1,
    + X > N.

next_to(X, Y, N) :-
    ( Y is X + 1;
      Y is X - 1),
    + X > N,
    + Y > N,
    + X < 1,
    + Y < 1.

fish(Who) :-
    Houses = [
        house(1, _Color1, _From1, _Animal1, _Drink1, _Smoke1),
        house(2, _Color2, _From2, _Animal2, _Drink2, _Smoke2),
        house(3, _Color3, _From3, _Animal3, _Drink3, _Smoke3),
        house(4, _Color4, _From4, _Animal4, _Drink4, _Smoke4),
        house(5, _Color5, _From5, _Animal5, _Drink5, _Smoke5) ],
    N is 5,
    %-- hint 1
    member(house(1, _, norway, _, _, _), Houses),
    %-- hint 2
    member(house(_, red, england, _, _, _), Houses),
    %-- hint 3 - on_the_left
    member(house(GREEN, green, _, _, _, _), Houses),
    member(house(WHITE, white, _, _, _, _), Houses),
    on_the_left(GREEN, WHITE, N),
    %-- hint 4
    member(house(_, _, denmark, _, tea, _), Houses),
    %-- hint 5 - next_to
    member(house(LIGHT, _, _, _, _, light), Houses),
    member(house(CAT, _, _, cat, _, light), Houses),
    next_to(LIGHT, CAT, N),
    %-- hint 6
    member(house(_, yellow, _, _, _, cigar), Houses),
    %-- hint 7
    member(house(_, _, germany, _, _, waterpipe), Houses),
    %-- hint 8
    member(house(3, _, _, _, milk, _), Houses),
    %-- hint 9 - next_to
    member(house(WATER, _, _, _, water, _), Houses),
    next_to(LIGHT, WATER, N),
    %-- hint 10
    member(house(_, _, _, bird, _, nofilter), Houses),
    %-- hint 11
    member(house(_, _, sweden, dog, _, _), Houses),
    %-- hint 12 - next_to
    member(house(NORWAY, _, norway, _, _, _), Houses),
    member(house(BLUE, blue, _, _, _, _), Houses),
    next_to(NORWAY, BLUE, N),
    %-- hint 13 - next_to
    member(house(HORSE, _, _, horse, _, _), Houses),
    next_to(HORSE, GREEN, N),
    %-- hint 14
    member(house(_, _, _, _, beer, menthol), Houses),
    %-- hint 15
    member(house(_, green, _, _, coffee, _), Houses),

    %-- FINAL QUESTION - WHO LET THE FISH OUT?
    member(house(_, _, _, fish, _, _), Houses),
    member(house(_, _, Who, fish, _, _), Houses).

I tried a lot of combination but:

?- fish(Who).
false.

Edit:
Code is working now, what i changed:

1* From:

%-- hint 5 - next_to
member(house(LIGHT, _, _, _, _, light), Houses),
member(house(CAT, _, _, cat, _, light), Houses),

To:

%-- hint 5 - next_to
    member(house(LIGHT, _, _, _, _, light), Houses),
    member(house(CAT, _, _, cat, _, _), Houses),

2* From:

%-- hint 13 - next_to   
member(house(HORSE, _, _, horse, _, _), Houses),
next_to(HORSE, GREEN, N),

To:

%-- hint 13 - next_to
member(house(YELLOW, yellow, _, _, _, _), Houses),
member(house(HORSE, _, _, horse, _, _), Houses),
next_to(HORSE, YELLOW, N),

If you are reading this look at @Enigmativity comment about structures in helper predicates aswell.

解决方案

You had two errors in your clues - the first you fixed already with the light smoker. The second is that the horse owner lives next to the yellow house, not the green.

Now, my prolog choked on the + operator so I recoded your helper predicates. This is what I did:

first(H,[H|_]).

on_the_left(X,Y,[X,Y|_]).
on_the_left(X,Y,[_|Hs]) :- on_the_left(X,Y,Hs).

next_to(X,Y,[X,Y|_]).
next_to(X,Y,[Y,X|_]).
next_to(X,Y,[_|Hs]) :- next_to(X,Y,Hs).

middle(X,[_,_,X,_,_]).

Now the puzzle worked nicely with these clues:

fish(Who) :-
    Houses = [
        house(_Color1, _From1, _Animal1, _Drink1, _Smoke1),
        house(_Color2, _From2, _Animal2, _Drink2, _Smoke2),
        house(_Color3, _From3, _Animal3, _Drink3, _Smoke3),
        house(_Color4, _From4, _Animal4, _Drink4, _Smoke4),
        house(_Color5, _From5, _Animal5, _Drink5, _Smoke5) ],
    first(house(_, norway, _, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 1
    member(house(red, england, _, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 2
    on_the_left(house(green, _, _, _, _), house(white, _, _, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 3 - on_the_left
    member(house(_, denmark, _, tea, _), Houses), %-- hint 4
    next_to(house(_, _, _, _, light), house( _, _, cat, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 5 - next_to
    member(house(yellow, _, _, _, cigar), Houses), %-- hint 6
    member(house(_, germany, _, _, waterpipe), Houses), %-- hint 7
    middle(house(_, _, _, milk, _), Houses), %-- hint 8
    next_to(house(_, _, _, _, light), house(_, _, _, water, _), Houses), %-- hint 9 - next_to
    member(house(_, _, bird, _, nofilter), Houses), %-- hint 10
    member(house(_, sweden, dog, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 11
    next_to(house(_, norway, _, _, _), house(blue, _, _, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 12 - next_to
    next_to(house(_, _, horse, _, _), house(yellow, _, _, _, _), Houses), %-- hint 13 - next_to
    member(house(_, _, _, beer, menthol), Houses), %-- hint 14
    member(house(green, _, _, coffee, _), Houses), %-- hint 15
    member(house(_, Who, fish, _, _), Houses),
    write(Houses), nl.

I got:

[house(yellow, norway, cat, water, cigar), house(blue, denmark, horse, tea, light), house(red, england, bird, milk, nofilter), house(green, germany, fish, coffee, waterpipe), house(white, sweden, dog, beer, menthol)]
germany

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