每次我运行 gulp 任何东西时，我都会收到一个断言错误.- 必须指定任务功能 [英] Everytime I run gulp anything, I get a assertion error. - Task function must be specified

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问题描述

我正在尝试运行下面的命令，但不幸的是我遇到了错误.

I'm trying to run the command below but unfortunately I run into errors. 

$ gulp build

在我的终端中，我收到了这个断言错误.我已卸载 node 和 NPM 并使用 brew 重新安装 - 我如何完全卸载 Node.js，并通过这些步骤从头开始重新安装 (Mac OS X).我的节点版本是 v10.5.0，npm 版本是 6.1.0.

In my terminal and I get this assertion error. I've uninstalled node and NPM and reinstalled again using brew - How do I completely uninstall Node.js, and reinstall from beginning (Mac OS X) with these steps. My node version is v10.5.0 and npm version is 6.1.0.

我的系统是MacOS High Sierra 10.13.2 

assert.js:269
    throw err;
    ^

AssertionError [ERR_ASSERTION]: Task function must be specified
    at Gulp.set [as _setTask] (bulkit/startup-kit/node_modules/undertaker/lib/set-task.js:10:3)
    at Gulp.task (startup-kit/node_modules/undertaker/lib/task.js:13:8)
    at Object.<anonymous> 
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:702:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:713:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:612:32)
    at tryModuleLoad (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:551:12)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:543:3)
    at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:650:17)
    at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:20:18)

package.json

{
    "name": "bulkit-startup",
    "version": "0.0.1",
    "description": "Bulkit Startup Kit",
    "main": "Gruntfile.js",
    "devDependencies": {
        "autoprefixer": "^6.3.6",
        "browser-sync": "^2.24.5",
        "gulp": "^4.0.0",
        "gulp-clean": "^0.3.2",
        "gulp-concat": "^2.6.0",
        "gulp-postcss": "^6.1.0",
        "gulp-sass": "^2.2.0",
        "gulp-sourcemaps": "^1.6.0",
        "jquery": "^3.3.1",
        "mq4-hover-shim": "^0.3.0",
        "panini": "^1.3.0",
        "rimraf": "^2.5.2"
    },
    "engines": {
        "node": ">=0.10.1"
    },
    "scripts": {
        "start": "gulp",
        "build": "gulp build"
    },
    "repository": {
        "type": "git",
        "url": "https://github.com/cssninjaStudio/bulkit.git"
    },
    "bugs": {
        "url": "https://github.com/cssninjaStudio/bulkit/issues",
        "email": "support@cssninja.io"
    },
    "author": "Css Ninja <hello@cssninja.io> (https://cssninja.io/themes/bulkit)",
    "license": "Commercial",
    "private": true,
    "dependencies": {
        "bulma": "^0.7.0",
        "del": "^3.0.0",
        "jquery-waypoints": "^2.0.5",
        "jquery.counterup": "^2.1.0",
        "scrollreveal": "^3.4.0",
        "slick-carousel": "^1.8.1",
        "wallop": "^2.4.1"
    }
}

gulpfile.js

var gulp = require('gulp');
var clean = require('gulp-clean');
var sass = require('gulp-sass');
var sourcemaps = require('gulp-sourcemaps');
var postcss = require('gulp-postcss');
var autoprefixer = require('autoprefixer');
var mq4HoverShim = require('mq4-hover-shim');
var rimraf = require('rimraf').sync;
var browser = require('browser-sync');
var panini = require('panini');
var concat = require('gulp-concat');
var port = process.env.SERVER_PORT || 8080;
var nodepath =  'node_modules/';
var assetspath =  'assets/';

// Starts a BrowerSync instance
gulp.task('server', ['build'], function(){
    browser.init({server: './_site', port: port});
});

// Watch files for changes
gulp.task('watch', function() {
    gulp.watch('scss/**/*', ['compile-scss', browser.reload]);
    gulp.watch('sass/**/*', ['compile-sass', browser.reload]);
    gulp.watch('js/**/*', ['copy-js', browser.reload]);
    gulp.watch('images/**/*', ['copy-images', browser.reload]);
    gulp.watch('html/pages/**/*', ['compile-html']);
    gulp.watch(['html/{layouts,includes,helpers,data}/**/*'], ['compile-html:reset','compile-html']);
    gulp.watch(['./src/{layouts,partials,helpers,data}/**/*'], [panini.refresh]);
});

// Erases the dist folder
gulp.task('reset', function() {
    rimraf('bulma/*');
    rimraf('scss/*');
    rimraf('assets/css/*');
    rimraf('assets/fonts/*');
    rimraf('images/*');
});

// Erases the dist folder
gulp.task('clean', function() {
    rimraf('_site');
});

// Copy Bulma filed into Bulma development folder
gulp.task('setupBulma', function() {
    //Get Bulma from node modules
    gulp.src([nodepath + 'bulma/*.sass']).pipe(gulp.dest('bulma/'));
    gulp.src([nodepath + 'bulma/**/*.sass']).pipe(gulp.dest('bulma/'));
});

// Copy static assets
gulp.task('copy', function() {
    //Copy other external font and data assets
    gulp.src(['assets/fonts/**/*']).pipe(gulp.dest('_site/assets/fonts/'));
    gulp.src([nodepath + 'slick-carousel/slick/fonts/**/*']).pipe(gulp.dest('_site/assets/css/fonts/'));
    gulp.src([nodepath + 'slick-carousel/slick/ajax-loader.gif']).pipe(gulp.dest('_site/assets/css/'));
});

//Theme Sass variables
var sassOptions = {
    errLogToConsole: true,
    outputStyle: 'compressed',
    includePaths: [nodepath + 'bulma/sass']
};

//Theme Scss variables
var scssOptions = {
    errLogToConsole: true,
    outputStyle: 'compressed',
    includePaths: ['./scss/partials']
};

// Compile Bulma Sass
gulp.task('compile-sass', function () {
    var processors = [
        mq4HoverShim.postprocessorFor({ hoverSelectorPrefix: '.is-true-hover ' }),
        autoprefixer({
            browsers: [
                "Chrome >= 45",
                "Firefox ESR",
                "Edge >= 12",
                "Explorer >= 10",
                "iOS >= 9",
                "Safari >= 9",
                "Android >= 4.4",
                "Opera >= 30"
            ]
        })//,
        //cssnano(),
    ];
    //Watch me get Sassy
    return gulp.src('./bulma/bulma.sass')
        .pipe(sourcemaps.init())
        .pipe(sass(sassOptions).on('error', sass.logError))
        .pipe(postcss(processors))
        .pipe(sourcemaps.write())
        .pipe(gulp.dest('./_site/assets/css/'));
});

// Compile Theme Scss
gulp.task('compile-scss', function () {
    var processors = [
        mq4HoverShim.postprocessorFor({ hoverSelectorPrefix: '.is-true-hover ' }),
        autoprefixer({
            browsers: [
                "Chrome >= 45",
                "Firefox ESR",
                "Edge >= 12",
                "Explorer >= 10",
                "iOS >= 9",
                "Safari >= 9",
                "Android >= 4.4",
                "Opera >= 30"
            ]
        })//,
        //cssnano(),
    ];
    //Watch me get Sassy
    return gulp.src('./scss/core.scss')
        .pipe(sourcemaps.init())
        .pipe(sass(sassOptions).on('error', sass.logError))
        .pipe(postcss(processors))
        .pipe(sourcemaps.write())
        .pipe(gulp.dest('./_site/assets/css/'));
});

// Compile Html
gulp.task('compile-html', function() {
    gulp.src('html/pages/**/*.html')
        .pipe(panini({
        root: 'html/pages/',
        layouts: 'html/layouts/',
        partials: 'html/includes/',
        helpers: 'html/helpers/',
        data: 'html/data/'
    }))
        .pipe(gulp.dest('_site'))
        .on('finish', browser.reload);
});

gulp.task('compile-html:reset', function(done) {
    panini.refresh();
    done();
});

// Compile css from node modules
gulp.task('compile-css', function() {
    return gulp.src([ 
        nodepath + 'slick-carousel/slick/slick.css',
        nodepath + 'slick-carousel/slick/slick-theme.css',
        nodepath + 'wallop/css/wallop.css',
        //Additional static css assets
        assetspath + 'css/icons.min.css',
    ])
        .pipe(concat('app.css'))
        .pipe(gulp.dest('./_site/assets/css/'));
});

// Compile js from node modules
gulp.task('compile-js', function() {
    return gulp.src([ 
        nodepath + 'jquery/dist/jquery.min.js', 
        nodepath + 'slick-carousel/slick/slick.min.js', 
        nodepath + 'scrollreveal/dist/scrollreveal.min.js',
        nodepath + 'waypoints/lib/jquery.waypoints.min.js',
        nodepath + 'waypoints/lib/shortcuts/sticky.min.js',
        nodepath + 'jquery.counterup/jquery.counterup.min.js',
        nodepath + 'wallop/js/Wallop.min.js',
        //Additional static js assets
        assetspath + 'js/ggpopover/ggpopover.min.js',
        assetspath + 'js/ggpopover/ggtooltip.js',
        assetspath + 'js/embed/embed.js',
        assetspath + 'js/gmap/gmap.min.js',
    ])
        .pipe(concat('app.js'))
        .pipe(gulp.dest('./_site/assets/js/'));
});

//Copy Theme js to production site
gulp.task('copy-js', function() {
    gulp.src('js/**/*.js')
        .pipe(gulp.dest('./_site/assets/js/'));
});

//Copy images to production site
gulp.task('copy-images', function() {
    gulp.src('images/**/*')
        .pipe(gulp.dest('./_site/assets/images/'));
});

gulp.task('init', ['setupBulma']);
gulp.task('build', ['clean','copy', 'compile-js', 'compile-css', 'copy-js', 'compile-sass', 'compile-scss', 'compile-html', 'copy-images']);
gulp.task('default', ['server', 'watch']);

推荐答案

如果任务依赖于另一个任务来执行，Gulp 4.0 改变了定义任务的方式.列表参数已被弃用.

Gulp 4.0 has changed the way that tasks should be defined if the task depends on another task to execute. The list parameter has been deprecated.

gulpfile.js 中的一个例子是:

An example from your gulpfile.js would be:

// Starts a BrowerSync instance
gulp.task('server', ['build'], function(){
  browser.init({server: './_site', port: port});
});

他们引入了 gulp.series() 和 gulp.parallel()，而不是 list 参数.

Instead of the list parameter they have introduced gulp.series() and gulp.parallel().

这个任务应该改成这样:

This task should be changed to something like this:

// Starts a BrowerSync instance
gulp.task('server', gulp.series('build', function(){
  browser.init({server: './_site', port: port});
}));

我不是这方面的专家.您可以在 中看到更强大的示例用于连续运行任务的 gulp 文档 或以下 Jhey Thompkins 和 Stefan Baumgartner 的优秀博客文章

I'm not an expert in this. You can see a more robust example in the gulp documentation for running tasks in series or these following excellent blog posts by Jhey Thompkins and Stefan Baumgartner

https://codeburst.io/switching-to-gulp-4-0-271ae63530c0

https://fettblog.eu/gulp-4-parallel-and-series/

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