如何在 python 和 qml 中自动插入/编辑 QAbstractListModel 更新? [英] how to insert/edit QAbstractListModel in python and qml updates automatically?

问题描述

我正在尝试插入/编辑从 pyqt5 中的 QAbstractListModel 子类化的 python 列表.这个 python 列表是在 qml 中 ListView 元素的 model 属性中读取的.我在 qml 中显示数据没有问题.当我尝试将新数据附加到 python 列表中时出现问题.

i am trying to insert/edit a python list that is subclassed from QAbstractListModel in pyqt5. this python list is read in the model property of ListView element in qml. i have no issues displaying the data in qml. problem arises when i try to append new data into the python list.

以下是我目前所做的:

main.py:

import sys, model2
from PyQt5.QtCore import QUrl
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
from PyQt5.QtQuick import QQuickView

class MainWindow(QQuickView):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self.model = model2.PersonModel()
        self.rootContext().setContextProperty('PersonModel', self.model)
        self.rootContext().setContextProperty('MainWindow', self)
        self.setSource(QUrl('test2.qml'))

myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
ui = MainWindow()
ui.show()
sys.exit(myApp.exec_())

model2.py

from PyQt5.QtCore import QAbstractListModel, Qt, pyqtSignal, pyqtSlot

class PersonModel(QAbstractListModel):

    Name = Qt.UserRole + 1
    Age = Qt.UserRole + 2

    personChanged = pyqtSignal()

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.persons = [
            {'name': 'jon', 'age': 20},
            {'name': 'jane', 'age': 25}
        ]

    def data(self, QModelIndex, role):
        row = QModelIndex.row()
        if role == self.Name:
            return self.persons[row]["name"]
        if role == self.Age:
            return self.persons[row]["age"]

    def rowCount(self, parent=None):
        return len(self.persons)

    def roleNames(self):
        return {
            Qt.UserRole + 1: b'name',
            Qt.UserRole + 2: b'age'
        }

    @pyqtSlot()
    def addData(self):
        self.beginResetModel()
        self.persons = self.persons.append({'name': 'peter', 'age': 22})
        self.endResetModel()
        print(self.persons)

    @pyqtSlot()
    def editData(self):
        print(self.model.persons)

test2.qml:

import QtQuick 2.6
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2

Rectangle {
    anchors.fill: parent
    color: "lightgrey"

    ListView {
        id: listExample
        anchors.fill: parent
        model: PersonModel
        delegate: Text {
            text: name + " " + age
        }
    }

    Button {
        width: 50
        height: 25
        anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
        text: "add"
        onClicked: {
            console.log("qml adding")
            PersonModel.addData()
        }
    }

    .
    .
    .
}

当我单击调用 model2.py 中的 addData 方法的添加按钮时发生错误.错误在于 rowCount 并且错误消息说 TypeError: object of type 'NoneType' has no len().我是否必须发出更改或传递一些索引和角色值，以便 qml 知道什么是新/旧并仅相应地反映更改?

error occurs when i click the add button which calls the addData method in model2.py. error lies in the rowCount and error message says TypeError: object of type 'NoneType' has no len(). do i have to emit the changes or pass in some index and role value so qml knows what is new/old and only reflect the changes accordingly?

非常感谢任何形式的指导！

any form of guidance is greatly appreciated!

推荐答案

你得到的错误是由下面这行代码引起的:

The error you get is caused by the following line of code:

self.persons = self.persons.append({'name': 'peter', 'age': 22})

这是因为 append 函数没有返回任何东西，所以它是为了将 None 分配给 self.persons

It is caused because the append function does not return anything, so it was meant to assign None to self.persons

要插入新数据，您必须调用 beginInsertRows() 和 endInsertRows() 来通知视图更改.

To insert new data you must call beginInsertRows() and endInsertRows() to notify the view of the change.

数据方法必须与文档中显示的相同，即必须具有以下格式:

the data method must be identical to that shown in the documentation, ie it must have the following format:

def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):

与rowCount方法相同:

The same with the rowCount method:

def rowCount(self, parent=QModelIndex()):

我已经实现了 addPerson、editPerson 和 deletePerson 方法，它们分别添加、编辑和删除列表中的数据.我还在 .qml 中添加了必要的项目以便能够对其进行测试.

I have implemented the methods addPerson, editPerson and deletePerson that adds, edits and deletes a data from the list respectively. Also I added the necessary items to the .qml to be able to test it.

model2.py

from PyQt5.QtCore import QAbstractListModel, Qt, pyqtSignal, pyqtSlot, QModelIndex    

class PersonModel(QAbstractListModel):

    NameRole = Qt.UserRole + 1
    AgeRole = Qt.UserRole + 2

    personChanged = pyqtSignal()

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.persons = [
            {'name': 'jon', 'age': 20},
            {'name': 'jane', 'age': 25}
        ]

    def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
        row = index.row()
        if role == PersonModel.NameRole:
            return self.persons[row]["name"]
        if role == PersonModel.AgeRole:
            return self.persons[row]["age"]

    def rowCount(self, parent=QModelIndex()):
        return len(self.persons)

    def roleNames(self):
        return {
            PersonModel.NameRole: b'name',
            PersonModel.AgeRole: b'age'
        }

    @pyqtSlot(str, int)
    def addPerson(self, name, age):
        self.beginInsertRows(QModelIndex(), self.rowCount(), self.rowCount())
        self.persons.append({'name': name, 'age': age})
        self.endInsertRows()

    @pyqtSlot(int, str, int)
    def editPerson(self, row, name, age):
        ix = self.index(row, 0)
        self.persons[row] = {'name': name, 'age': age}
        self.dataChanged.emit(ix, ix, self.roleNames())

    @pyqtSlot(int)
    def deletePerson(self, row):
        self.beginRemoveColumns(QModelIndex(), row, row)
        del self.persons[row]
        self.endRemoveRows()

test2.qml

import QtQuick 2.6
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2

Rectangle {
    anchors.fill: parent
    color: "lightgrey"

    ListView {
        id: listExample
        anchors.fill: parent
        model: PersonModel
        delegate:
            Item {
            width: 200
            height: 60
            Row {
                Text {
                    width: 60
                    text:  name + " " + age
                    horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
                    anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
                }
                Button{
                    width: 20
                    text: "+"
                    onClicked: PersonModel.editPerson(index, name, age+1)
                }
                Button{
                    width: 20
                    text: "-"
                    onClicked: PersonModel.editPerson(index, name, age-1)
                }
                Button{
                    width: 20
                    text: "X"
                    onClicked: PersonModel.deletePerson(index)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    Button {
        width: 50
        height: 25
        anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
        anchors.right: parent.right
        text: "add"
        onClicked: {
            console.log("qml adding")
            PersonModel.addPerson("luis", 22)
        }
    }
}

.py

@pyqtSlot(int, str, int)
def insertPerson(self, row, name, age):
    self.beginInsertRows(QModelIndex(), row, row)
    self.persons.insert(row, {'name': name, 'age': age})
    self.endInsertRows()

.qml

 PersonModel.insertPerson(2, "luis", 1111)

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