在 Python 中的数字列表中添加前导零 [英] add leading zeros to a list of numbers in Python

问题描述

我是 Python 新手.我正在尝试调整列表的格式，如下所示:

I am new to Python. I am trying to adjust the format of a list which looks like below:

data=[1,10,313,4000,51234,123456]

我想将它们转换为带有前导零的字符串列表:

and I would like to convert them to a list of strings with leading zeros:

result=['000001','000010','000313','004000','051234','123456']

每个元素都有 6 个数字.

each of the element has 6 digits.

我知道一个数字 X，我可以做到:

I know for a single number X, I can do:

str(X).zfill(6)

但我不确定如何将其应用于列表.我想在不使用 for 循环的情况下解决这个问题.

but I am not sure how to apply this to a list. I would like to solve this problem without using a for loop.

有人可以帮忙吗?谢谢.

Anyone could help? Thanks.

推荐答案

应用相同列表理解中的>zfill函数，像这样

Apply the same zfill function in a list comprehension, like this

>>> [str(item).zfill(6) for item in data]
['000001', '000010', '000313', '004000', '051234', '123456']

或者，您可以使用字符串的 format方法，使用格式说明符，像这样

Alternatively, you can use the string's format method, with format specifiers, like this

>>> ["{:06d}".format(item) for item in data]
['000001', '000010', '000313', '004000', '051234', '123456']

如果您要更频繁地进行格式化，则可以将其存储在变量中，如下所示

If you are going to do the formatting more often, then you can store that in a variable, like this

>>> formatter = "{:06d}".format
>>> [formatter(item) for item in data]
['000001', '000010', '000313', '004000', '051234', '123456']

如果您使用的是 Python 2.x，那么您可以使用 map 和 formatter 函数，像这样

If you are using Python 2.x, then you can use map and the formatter function, like this

>>> map(formatter, data)
['000001', '000010', '000313', '004000', '051234', '123456']

如果您使用的是 Python 3.x，map返回一个可迭代的 map 对象.所以，你需要显式地创建一个列表，像这样

If you are using Python 3.x, map returns an iterable map object. So, you need to explicitly create a list, like this

>>> list(map(formatter, data))
['000001', '000010', '000313', '004000', '051234', '123456']

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