使用 NPM 安装包时，你能告诉它使用其依赖项之一的不同版本吗? [英] When installing a package with NPM, can you tell it to use a different version of one of its dependencies?

问题描述

假设您要安装一个库 lib-a，它具有依赖项 dep-1 和 dep-2.如果 lib-a 在其 package.json 中声明使用过期的 dep-2 版本(假设它在节点 0.8.0 上不起作用刚刚出来)，但是 dep-2 的一个分支适用于节点 0.8.0 - 分支名称 node0.8.0.

Say you want to install a library lib-a which has dependencies dep-1 and dep-2. If lib-a has declared in its package.json to use a version of dep-2 that is out of date (say it doesn't work on node 0.8.0 which just came out), but there is a branch of dep-2 that works with node 0.8.0 - branch name node0.8.0.

所以等式中的包是:

git://github.com/user-a/lib-a
git://github.com/user-b/dep-1
git://github.com/user-c/dep-2
git://github.com/user-c/dep-2#node0.8.0

有没有办法告诉 NPM 安装 lib-a，但是使用 dep-2#node0.8.0 而不是 dep-2?

Is there a way to tell NPM to install lib-a, but use dep-2#node0.8.0 instead of dep-2?

使用 NPM，您可以像这样安装项目的特定分支:

With NPM you can install a specific branch of a project like this:

npm install git://github.com/user-c/dep-2#node0.8.0

如果我要自定义 lib-a 的 package.json，你可以告诉它像这样使用 dep-2#node0.8.0:

And if I were to customize the package.json of lib-a, you could tell it to use dep-2#node0.8.0 like this:

{
  "name": "lib-a",
  "dependencies": {
    "dep-1": ">= 1.5.0",
    "dep-2": "git://github.com/user-c/dep-2#node0.8.0"
  }
}

通过修改 package.json 就可以运行

By modifying the package.json you can then run

npm install lib-a

它会安装 node 0.8.0 兼容的 dep-2 分支.但是，这需要我有权修改 lib-a，而对于我的具体情况，我没有.从技术上讲，我可以 fork lib-a 并对 package.json 进行上述更改.但在我的具体情况下， lib-a 是 another 库的依赖项，所以我必须分叉它所引用的项目，然后继续......

and it will install the node 0.8.0 compatible dep-2 branch. But, that requires I have access to modifying lib-a, which for my specific case I don't. Technically, I could fork lib-a and make the above change to package.json. But in my specific case, lib-a is a dependency of another library, so I'd have to fork the project it's referenced in, and on and on...

那么问题来了，有没有办法告诉 NPM 安装 lib-a，并告诉它使用 dep 的 node0.8.0 分支-2?像这样的:

So the question is, is there a way to tell NPM to install lib-a, and tell it to use the node0.8.0 branch of dep-2? Something like this:

npm install lib-a --overrides dep-2:git://github.com/user-c/dep-2#node0.8.0

那太棒了.如果这是不可能的，那会很高兴知道这样我就可以准备好必须分叉/自定义项目链.

That would be awesome. If it's not possible, that would be good to know so I can prepare myself to have to fork/customize the chain of projects.

推荐答案

NPM安装语法:

npm install (with no args in a package dir)
npm install <tarball file>
npm install <tarball url>
npm install <folder>
npm install [@<scope>/]<name> [--save|--save-dev|--save-optional] [--save-exact]
npm install [@<scope>/]<name>@<tag>
npm install [@<scope>/]<name>@<version>
npm install [@<scope>/]<name>@<version range>
npm i (with any of the previous argument usage)

因此您可以选择其中一种方法来安装您的模块.

so you can choose one of these methods to install your modules.

安装特定版本的最简单方法是这种情况:

The case of the simplest way to install a specific version is this one:

npm install module@0.0.2

更多信息:https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/install

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