通过 ldapmodify 修改 Active Directory 密码 [英] Modifying Active Directory Passwords via ldapmodify

问题描述

我正在研究各种 LDAP 操作的脚本.但是，我在创建 Active Directory 用户时遇到了一些障碍.

I'm investigating the scripting of various LDAP operations. However, I've hit a bit of a speed bump with Active Directory user creation.

当我通过 ldapmodify 命令加载以下 LDIF 时失败:

The following LDIF fails when I load it in via the ldapmodify command:

dn: CN=Frank,CN=Users,DC=domain,dc=local
changeType: add
objectClass: top
objectClass: person
objectClass: organizationalPerson
objectClass: user
cn: Frank
userPrincipalName: [e-mail]
sAMAccountName: frank
givenName: Frank
sn: Stein
displayName: Frank Stein
description: Frankenstein's User
userAccountControl: 512
unicodePwd: "AnExamplePassword1!"

当尝试通过 LDIF 添加用户时，我使用了以下命令:

When attempting to add the user via LDIF, I used the following command:

ldapmodify -H 'ldaps://<ip-of-server>:636' -D 'DOMAINAdministrator' -x -W -f frank-add.ldif

这会失败并出现以下错误:

This fails with the following error:

ldap_add: Server is unwilling to perform (53)
        additional info: 0000001F: SvcErr: DSID-031A120C, problem 5003 (WILL_NOT_PERFORM), data 0

这是密码策略拒绝用户的问题.

This is a problem with the password policy denying the user.

但是，以下 Python 脚本可以工作:

However, the following Python script works:

#!/usr/bin/python

import ldap
import ldap.modlist as modlist

AD_LDAP_URL='ldaps://<ip-of-server>:636'
ADMIN_USER='DOMAINAdministrator'
# User must be authorized to create accounts, naturally.
ADMIN_PASSWORD='password for ADMIN_USER'
BASE_DN='dc=domain,dc=local'

username='frank'
firstname='Frank'
surname='Stein'
displayName = "Frank Stein"

password='AnExamplePassword1!'
# The value of password still needs to adhere to the domain's password policy.
unicode_pass = unicode('"' + password + '"', 'iso-8859-1')
password_value = unicode_pass.encode('utf-16-le')

l = ldap.initialize(AD_LDAP_URL)
l.simple_bind_s(ADMIN_USER, ADMIN_PASSWORD)

dn=str('CN=%s,CN=Users,DC=domain,dc=local' % firstname)

attrs = {}

attrs['objectclass'] = ['top','person','organizationalPerson','user']
attrs['cn'] = str(username)
attrs['sAMAccountname'] = str(username)
attrs['unicodePwd'] = str(password_value)
attrs['givenName'] = str(firstname)
attrs['sn'] = str(surname)
attrs['displayName'] = str(displayName)
attrs['description'] = str("Frankenstein's User")
attrs['userPrincipalName'] = str("[e-mail]" % username)
attrs['userAccountControl'] = str(512)

ldif = modlist.addModlist(attrs)
l.add_s(dn,ldif)

使用 Python 脚本，我可以立即使用用户密码(减去转义的引号)登录.我仍然可以通过选择太简单的密码(例如密码")来触发相同的不愿意执行"错误.但是，在这种情况下，使用的密码是相同的.

Using the Python script, I am immediately able to sign in using the user's password (minus the quotes that were escaped out). I can still trigger the same "Unwilling to Perform" error by picking a password like 'password' that is too simple. However, in this case the password being used is the same.

据我所知，操作应该是相同的.破坏 LDIF 文件的不同之处在于我处理包含密码所需的引号的方式.如果我通过将 userAccountControl 的值设置为 544 并且不包括密码来创建禁用帐户，则通过 LDIF 创建成功.但是，这意味着我需要手动去重置用户的密码.

So far as I can see, the operations should be identical. The difference that breaks the LDIF file is the way that I deal with the quotes that I need to enclose the password in. Creation via LDIF succeeds if I make a disabled account by setting the value of userAccountControl to 544 and not including a password. However, this means that I would need to manually go and reset the user's password.

到目前为止，我已经通过 LDIF 尝试了以下密码格式:

So far, I've tried the following password formats via LDIF:

• 不带引号.
• 单引号.
• 通过 转义引号
• 通过 ASCII 转义的引号:{22}
• 使用Python对密码进行Base64编码(带引号和不带引号，LDIF格式修改为unicodePwd::)

虽然我很高兴我有一种通过 Python 添加用户的工作方法，但我仍然对在使用 LDIF 文件和 ldapmodify 时如何正确转义密码值感到有些困惑.有没有我没有考虑的替代方法?

While I'm happy that I have a working method of adding users via the Python, I'm still a bit confused about how to properly escape out password values when using LDIF files and ldapmodify. Is there an alternate method that I'm not considering?

推荐答案

为什么不使用 ldifde 和 unicode base64 对密码进行编码，如下所述:http://support.microsoft.com/kb/263991

Why not use ldifde and unicode base64 encode the password as described here: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/263991

您的 python 脚本似乎将密码编码为 un​​icode/base64.也许您的密码需要在您的 ldif 文件中进行编码(编码时使用引号)，而不是像您在示例中那样使用纯文本.

Your python script seems to be encoding the password as unicode / base64. Perhaps your password needs to be encoded in your ldif file (with the quotes when encoding) rather than plain text as you are doing in your example.

例如:

unicodePwd:: IgBBAG4ARQB4AGEAbQBwAGwAZQBQAGEAcwBzAHcAbwByAGQAMQAhACIA

对于您提供的示例密码.

For the example password you provided.

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