Asp.Net Core:向 IdentityDbContext 添加数据或使用 DbContext [英] Asp.Net Core: Add data to IdentityDbContext or use DbContext

问题描述

我使用 Asp.Net Core WebApi 项目.

我可以将我的表添加到 IdentityDbContext，如下所示:

Can I add my tables to IdentityDbContext, like this:

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<User>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
            : base(options)
        { }

        public DbSet<ProgrammerRole> ProgrammerRoles { get; set; }

        public DbSet<Project> Projects { get; set; }
        public DbSet<SubProject> SubProjects { get; set; }

        public DbSet<Report> Reports { get; set; }
    }

或者我是否需要创建第二个 DbContext.如果我创建第二个 DbContext我如何在 IdentityDbContext 中与用户交流.

Or do I need to create a second DbContext. And if i create a second DbContext how can I communicate wiht User in IdentityDbContext.

我的第二个问题:如果我在 IdentityDbContext 中添加数据，如上所示，如何从 ApplicationDbContext 中的表中获取数据?因为每次创建 ApplicationDbContext 的新实例时，我都需要传递 DbContextOptions 对象.我在 Startup.cs 中执行此操作:

And my second question: If i add data in IdentityDbContext, like above, How do I get the data from my tables in ApplicationDbContext? Because i need to pass DbContextOptions object every time I create a new instance оf ApplicationDbContext. I do this in Startup.cs:

// ===== Add DbContext ========
            var connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("DbConnection");
            services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
                options.UseSqlServer(connectionString));

我在旧版本的 Asp.Net Core 中看到，我可以在 IdentityDbContext 构造函数中传递连接字符串，但现在只能传递 DbContextOptions.而我做不到，例如这个:

I saw in older version of Asp.Net Core, that i can pass Connection String in IdentityDbContext constructor, but now only DbContextOptions. And i can't do, for example this:

[AllowAnonymous]
        [HttpGet]
        public IEnumerable<Project> GetRoles()
        {
            using (var db = new ApplicationDbContext())
            {
                return db.Projects;
            }
        }

推荐答案

我可以像这样将我的表添加到 IdentityDbContext 中吗:

Can I add my tables to IdentityDbContext, like this:

是的，这就是您创建自定义表格的方式.您不需要创建另一个 DbContext.例如

Yes, it is how you create custom tables. You do not need to create another DbContext. E.g.

public class Project
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
{
    public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
        : base(options)
    {
    }

    public DbSet<Project> Projects { get; set; }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
    {
        builder.Entity<Project>(entity =>
        {
            entity.Property(e => e.Name)
                .IsRequired()
                .HasMaxLength(50);
        });

        base.OnModelCreating(builder);
    }
}

注意:您可能需要运行 dotnet ef migrations add Initial 和 dotnet ef database update 进行数据库迁移.

Note: you might need to run dotnet ef migrations add Initial and dotnet ef database update for database migration.

使用 (var db = new ApplicationDbContext()) {...}

using (var db = new ApplicationDbContext()) {...}

您不应该在控制器内部创建或管理 ApplicationDbContext.如果这样做，它们就会变得紧密耦合，并且您无法实现单元测试.

You should not create or manage ApplicationDbContext inside controller. If you do so, they become tightly coupled, and you cannot implement unit tests.

相反，您让依赖反转 (DI) 容器为您管理它.例如.

Instead, you let dependency inversion (DI) container manage it for you. E.g.

public class UserController : Controller
{
    private readonly ApplicationDbContext _context;

    public UserController(ApplicationDbContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }

    [AllowAnonymous]
    [HttpGet]
    public IEnumerable<Project> GetRoles()
    {
        return _context.Projects;
    }
}

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