R markdown:如何创建一个包含应该编织为 PDF 的图像和文本的表格? [英] R markdown: How to create a table with images and text which should be knitted as PDF?

查看：23 发布时间：2022/1/24 12:31:33 latex markdown r-markdown kable kableextra

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问题描述

我想在使用 R markdown 编译的 PDF 报告中包含一个包含 2 列的表格，包括图像和文本(图像描述).在这样做时，我对我的表有以下要求:

I would like to include a table with 2 columns including images and text (image descriptions) in PDF report compiled with R markdown. In doing so, I have the following requirements for my table:

宽度:固定列或表格宽度

对齐方式: 列中的内容对齐方式

第 1 列中图像的顶部居中对齐
第 2 列中的文本左上对齐

文本内容:在代码中也很容易阅读

文本格式:

需要文本格式，最好使用 markdown 语法，即 bold
需要换行符

图片路径: 因为图片存放在子目录中，最好使用缩写的图片路径，比如

image path: as images are stored in a subdirectory, at best use abbreviated image paths, like

figpath <- "文件夹/子文件夹/" 然后
fig1 <- paste0(figpath, "image1.png")

caption:需要表格标题

引文:需要添加对表的引用，即像 [@R-base]

citations: adding references to the table is required, i.e., like [@R-base]

引用:其他地方的表是必需的

理想情况下，表格应如下所示:

In ideal, the table would look like this:

我基于 LaTex 语法、markdown 语法和 R markdown 语法(使用 kable 和 kableExtra)做了几次尝试，见下文 MWE.然而，这些方法都没有产生令人满意的结果.LaTex 方法最接近，但不允许包含引用.

I made several attempts based on LaTex syntax, markdown syntax and R markdown syntax (with kable and kableExtra), see MWEs below. However, none of the approaches yield a satisfying result. The LaTex approach comes closest but does not allow to include citations.

带有图片的表格稍后应该包含在使用 huskydown 编译的报告(论文)中，该报告与 thesisdown/bookdown 相关.非常感谢任何帮助！

The table with images should later be included in a report (thesis) compiled with huskydown, which is related to thesisdown/bookdown. Any help is greatly appreciated!

下表总结了我的方法，下面提供了 MWE(有关改进的 LaTex MWE，请参阅@samcarter 的回复)

Table below summarizes my approaches, MWEs provided below (for improved LaTex MWE see reply by @samcarter)

YAML header:
header-includes:
  usepackage{array}
  
ewcolumntype{L}[1]{>{
aggedrightlet
ewline\arraybackslashhspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
  
ewcolumntype{C}[1]{>{centeringlet
ewline\arraybackslashhspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
  
ewcolumntype{R}[1]{>{
aggedleftlet
ewline\arraybackslashhspace{0pt}}m{#1}}


egin{table}[H]
centering
caption{My caption}
egin{tabular}{@{} C{6cm} L{9cm} @{}}
\
     	oprule
       Image & Description \
     	oprule 
      includegraphics[width=60mm]{Folder/Subfolder/image1.png} &
       	extbf{Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet} [@R-base] linebreak mauris mauris sollicitudin malesuada amet.\
      & \
      hline
      & \
      includegraphics[width=60mm]{Folder/Subfolder/image2.png} &
      	extbf{Lorem ipsum dolor} [@R-bookdown]linebreak sit amet, mauris mauris sollicitudin malesuada amet. 
end{tabular}
end{table}

专业版:
- 垂直对齐:第 1 列的工作正常
- 标题:易于添加
- 文本格式: 可以使用 "linebreak" 进行换行(但由于文本块而效果不佳)
- 在 LaTex 中对表格进行通用编码
- vertical alignment: of column 1 working somehow correctly
- caption: easy to add
- text formatting: linebreaks feasible with "linebreak" (but does not work so nicely due to block text)
- generally versatile coding of tables in LaTex
缺点:
- 垂直对齐: 第 2 列无法正常工作 - 已解决仅适用于 LaTex 和简单的 markdown 文件，不能解决了 bookdown/thesisdown
- 文本内容:向 LaTex 表格添加文本内容相当难看
- 文本格式:只有乳胶格式有效，即 extbf{}"
- **bold** 等简单的 markdown 文本格式(显然)在 LaTex 表格中不起作用
- 图片路径:不能包含缩写的图片路径(已解决)
- 引文: 不适用于 LaTex 表 - 未解决
- 引用:如何引用 LaTex 表?(已解决)
- vertical alignment: of column 2 not working correctly - SOLVED for LaTex and simple markdown file ONLY, NOT solved for bookdown/thesisdown
- text content: adding text content to LaTex table is rather ugly
- text formatting: only latex formatting works, i.e. " extbf{}"
- Simple markdown text formatting like **bold** (obviously) does not work in LaTex table
- image path: can not include abbreviated image paths (SOLVED)
- citations: do NOT work in LaTex table - NOT solved
- referencing: how to reference the LaTex table? (SOLVED)
```
Table: Caption of my table


| Image | Description |
| :-------: | :----------- |
| ![](Folder/Subfolder/image1.png){#id .class height=50%} | **Image description** [@R-base] Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, ... |
| ![](Folder/Subfolder/image2.png){#id .class height=50%} | **Image description** [@R-bookdown] Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, ... |
| | |
```
- 专业版:
 - 标题:易于添加
 - 垂直对齐:第 1 列工作正常
 - 文本格式: **bold** 等简单的 Markdown 文本格式效果很好
 - 引文: 像 [@R-bookdown] 在降价表中效果很好
 - caption: easy to add
 - vertical alignment: of column 1 working correctly
 - text formatting: simple markdown text formatting like **bold** works well
 - citations: like [@R-bookdown] work well in markdown table
 缺点:
 - 垂直对齐:第 2 列无法正常工作
 - 文本内容:在markdown表中添加文本内容比较难看
 - 文本格式:  
 - 图片路径:不能包含缩写的图片路径
 - 引用: 如何在简单的markdown文件中引用表格?在 bookdown 中，可以用 Table: (#tab:md-table) My caption 标记表格，并用 ef{tab:md-table} 引用它.但是在一个简单的 md 文件中呢?
 - vertical alignment: of column 2 not working correctly
 - text content: adding text content to markdown table is rather ugly
 - text formatting: linebreaks NOT feasible with  
 - image path: can not include abbreviated image paths
 - referencing: how to reference table in simple markdown file? In bookdown one can label the table with Table: (#tab:md-table) My caption and reference it with ef{tab:md-table}. But how about in a simple md file?
```
Refer to this table with [foo] or @ref(tab:foo) or @ref(fig:foo).

(ref:foo-caption) caption
(ref:foo-scaption) short caption

```{r foo, echo=FALSE, out.width='90%', fig.align = "center", fig.cap='(ref:foo-caption)', fig.scap='(ref:foo-scaption)', results='asis'}
 library(stringi)
 some_text <- stri_rand_lipsum(1)
 some_text <- paste("**Image description**", "[@R-bookdown]", " ", some_text)
 figpath <- "Folder/Subfolder/"
 dat <- data.frame(
 Image = c(
 paste0("![](", figpath, "image1.png){#id .class height=120px}"),
 paste0("![](", figpath, "image2.png){#id .class height=120px}")
 ),
 Description = c(
 some_text, # TEXT IMAGE 1
 some_text # TEXT IMAGE 2
 )
 )
 library(knitr)
 kable(dat, format = 'pandoc')
```
```
 - 专业版:
 - 垂直对齐:第 1 列工作正常
 - 文本内容:在 kable 表中添加文本内容相当不错
 - 图片路径:可以包含缩写的图片路径
 - 引用:代码块标签便于引用
 - 在 R markdown 中轻松编码表格；表的 md 代码结构良好/可读性好
 - 文本格式: **bold** 等简单的 Markdown 文本格式效果很好
 - 引文:在 kable 表中表现良好
 - vertical alignment: of column 1 is working correctly
 - text content: adding text content to kable table is rather nice
 - image path: can include abbreviated image paths
 - referencing: easy to reference with label of code chunk
 - easy coding of tables in R markdown; md code of table is nicely structured/readable
 - text formatting: simple markdown text formatting like **bold** works well
 - citations: work well in kable table
 缺点:
 - 宽度:第 2 列太宽了
 - 垂直对齐:第 2 列无法正常工作
 - 文本格式:  
 - 说明: 无法正常工作
 - width: of column 2 far too wide
 - vertical alignment: of column 2 not working correctly
 - text formatting: linebreaks NOT feasible with  
 - caption: not working as usual
```
Refer to this table with [foo2] or @ref(tab:foo2) or @ref(fig:foo2).

(ref:foo2-caption) caption
(ref:foo2-scaption) short caption

```{r foo2, echo=FALSE, out.width='90%', fig.align = "center", fig.cap='(ref:foo2-caption)', fig.scap='(ref:foo2-scaption)', results='asis'}
 library(kableExtra)
 kable(dat) %>%
 kable_styling(full_width = F) %>%
 column_spec(1, width = "30em")
```
```
 - 缺点:
 - 宽度:第 2 列太宽了
 - 图片:不显示

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R markdown:如何创建一个包含应该编织为 PDF 的图像和文本的表格? [英] R markdown: How to create a table with images and text which should be knitted as PDF?

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R markdown:如何创建一个包含应该编织为 PDF 的图像和文本的表格? [英] R markdown: How to create a table with images and text which should be knitted as PDF?

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