如何在 Ruby 中实现多态性? [英] How do you do polymorphism in Ruby?

问题描述

在 C# 中，我可以这样做:

In C#, I can do this:

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        List<Animal> animals = new List<Animal>();

        animals.Add(new Dog());
        animals.Add(new Cat());

        foreach (Animal a in animals)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(a.MakeNoise());
            a.Sleep();
        }
    }
}

public class Animal
{
    public virtual string MakeNoise() { return String.Empty; }
    public void Sleep()
    {
        Console.Writeline(this.GetType().ToString() + " is sleeping.");
    }
}

public class Dog : Animal
{
    public override string MakeNoise()
    {
        return "Woof!";
    }
}

public class Cat : Animal
{
    public override string MakeNoise()
    {
        return "Meow!";
    }
}

显然，输出是(稍微解释一下):

Obviously, the output is (Slightly paraphrased):

• 汪汪
• 狗在睡觉
• 喵喵
• 猫在睡觉

由于 C# 经常因其冗长的类型语法而受到嘲笑，您如何处理 Ruby 等鸭子类型语言中的多态性/虚拟方法?

Since C# is often mocked for its verbose type syntax, how do you handle polymorphism/virtual methods in a duck typed language such as Ruby?

推荐答案

为您更新的问题添加了更多代码

edit: added more code for your updated question

免责声明:我已经一年左右没有使用过 Ruby，也没有在这台机器上安装它，所以语法可能完全错误.但概念是正确的.

disclaimer: I haven't used Ruby in a year or so, and don't have it installed on this machine, so the syntax might be entirely wrong. But the concepts are correct.

完全相同的方式，使用类和重写方法:

The exact same way, with classes and overridden methods:

class Animal
    def MakeNoise
        return ""
    end
    def Sleep
        print self.class.name + " is sleeping.
"
    end
end

class Dog < Animal
    def MakeNoise
        return "Woof!"
    end
end

class Cat < Animal
    def MakeNoise
        return "Meow!"
    end
end

animals = [Dog.new, Cat.new]
animals.each {|a|
    print a.MakeNoise + "
"
    a.Sleep
}

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