如何在包 debuild 中包含目录 [英] how to include a directory in the package debuild

问题描述

一个简单的Debian软件包将通过以下步骤创建，以下步骤将是初学者的教程

a Simple Debian package would be created in following steps, the following steps would be tutorial for beginners

考虑我有一个文件，比如说 test.sh，它只会在屏幕上打印测试

consider i have a file lets say test.sh which would just print test on the screen

#!/bin/sh
set -e
echo "this is sample debian package created " >&2

安装 debian 包后的输出应该是什么?A)我想在使用dpkg -i test-1.0.deb"安装软件包后将上面我命名为 test.sh 的文件放在/home/bla/Desktop/中

What should be the output after installing the debian package? A)I want to place the above file which i named as test.sh in /home/bla/Desktop/ after installing the package using "dpkg -i test-1.0.deb"

为了实现上述过程，请按照以下步骤操作

In order to achieve above process follow the below mentioned steps as it

mkdir test-1.0
cd test-1.0
#in order to place test.sh in /home/bla/Desktop, simply create the same directory structure in the test folder using this command

mkdir -p home/bla/Desktop/
cp test.sh home/bla/Desktop/
cd ..
cd ..
cd ..
mkdir DEBIAN
cd DEBIAN

添加控制文件，内容如下

add the control file with following contents

Package: test
Version: 1.0
Section: devel 
Priority: optional
Architecture: all
Essential: no
Depends:  bash
Pre-Depends: no
Recommends: no
Maintainer: test <[e-mail]>
Replaces: no
Provides: no
Description: A sample testpackage in order to demonstrate how to create debian packages

包已经准备好从测试文件夹中出来并输入 dpkg --build test-1.0/

Package is ready come outside of test folder and enter dpkg --build test-1.0/

你的包已经准备好了，你可以使用 dpkg -i test-1.0.deb 来安装它

your package is ready and you can install it by using dpkg -i test-1.0.deb

如果我想对 dh_make 和 debuild 执行相同的过程，我无法添加我希望在安装后放置 test.sh 的目录结构

If i want to do the same process with dh_make and debuild, i was unable to add the directory structure where i wanted my test.sh to be placed after installation

我遵循的步骤:

1. mkdir test-1.0

2. 复制上面的目录结构

1. mkdir test-1.0

2. copy the directory structure as above

cd test-1.0/ && mkdir -p home/bla/Desktop/
cp test.sh home/bla/Desktop/

dh_make -n -s -e [e-mail]

不管我的 test.sh 是什么之后根本没有包含在包中，我不知道我从 debian 手册中了解到的原因是什么

no mater what my test.sh is not at all included in the package after, i donot know what is the reason that is what i have understood from debian manual

有人知道怎么做吗，请尽快告诉我..，我只想知道如何在使用 debuild/dpkg-buildpackage 构建 debian 包时将文件包含在包中，就像我在第一个过程中所做的那样这很简单

can any one know to do it, please let me asap.., i just want to know how i can include the files in the package when building debian package using debuild/dpkg-buildpackage like i have done in the first process which is very simple

推荐答案

利用 dh* 和 dpkg-buildpackage 的 AQ/D 示例em>:

A Q/D example utilizing dh* and dpkg-buildpackage:

1) 准备工作目录和测试文件(我们将打包 "foo" 脚本，该脚本应该安装到 "/any/dir") :

1) Pepare working directory and test file (we are going to package "foo" script which should be installed to "/any/dir") :

mkdir test-0.0.1
cd test-0.0.1
echo -e "#!/bin/sh
echo "hi, i'm foo"" > foo
chmod +x foo

2) 创建简单的 Makefile 来处理安装:

2) Create simple Makefile which will handle installation:

binary:
    # we are not going to build anything

install:
    mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)/any/dir
    cp foo $(DESTDIR)/any/dir

3) 生成包骨架:

dh_make -i --createorig

3a) 可选地调整 debian 控制文件

3a) Optionally adjust debian control file

4) 构建包:

dpkg-buildpackage -A -uc

5) 测试生成的包内容:

dpkg-deb -c ../test_0.0.1-1_all.deb | grep any

drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-12 20:54 ./any/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-12 20:54 ./any/dir/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root        30 2012-06-12 20:54 ./any/dir/foo

<小时>

不使用 Makefile 的示例(如果您不打算构建 任何东西):

---

Example without using Makefile (if you are not going to build anything):

1) 创建测试数据:

mkdir test-0.0.1
cd test-0.0.1
mkdir contents
touch contents/a
touch contents/b

2) 创建包骨架:

dh_make -i --createorig

3) 创建 debian/test.install 文件，内容如下:

3) Create debian/test.install file with following contents:

contents/   /usr/share/mycontents

4) 构建包:

dpkg-buildpackage -A -uc

5) 检查构建的包:

dpkg-deb -c ../test_0.0.1-1_all.deb | grep contents

drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-13 11:44 ./usr/share/mycontents/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-13 11:38 ./usr/share/mycontents/contents/
-rw-r--r-- root/root         0 2012-06-13 11:37 ./usr/share/mycontents/contents/a
-rw-r--r-- root/root         0 2012-06-13 11:38 ./usr/share/mycontents/contents/b

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