在 IIS7 上部署 WCF 教程应用程序:“找不到类型" [英] Deploying WCF Tutorial App on IIS7: "The type could not be found"
问题描述
我一直在尝试按照此教程将 WCF 示例部署到 IIS .我无法让它工作.这是一个托管站点，但我确实拥有对服务器的 IIS 管理器访问权限.但是，在本教程的第 2 步中，我无法创建物理上位于此应用程序目录中的新 IIS 应用程序".我似乎找不到菜单项、上下文菜单项或什么不创建新应用程序.我一直在疯狂地右键单击，但仍然无法弄清楚如何创建一个新应用程序.我想这可能是根本问题，但我尝试了其他一些事情(如下所述)，以防万一这实际上不是问题.这是我在 IIS 管理器中看到的图片，以防我的话不公平:
I've been trying to follow this tutorial for deploying a WCF sample to IIS . I can't get it to work. This is a hosted site, but I do have IIS Manager access to the server. However, in step 2 of the tutorial, I can't "create a new IIS application that is physically located in this application directory". I can't seem to find a menu item, context menu item, or what not to create a new application. I've been right-clicking everywhere like crazy and still can't figure out how to create a new app. I suppose that's probably the root issue, but I tried a few other things (described below) just in case that actually is not the issue. Here is a picture of what I see in IIS Manager, in case my words don't do it justice:
此处没有添加应用程序 http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/d6edbaaf3c.png
这是部署"在 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalcService/Service.svc .错误说:
This is "deployed" at http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalcService/Service.svc . The error says:
The type 'Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService',
provided as the Service attribute value in the ServiceHost directive,
or provided in the configuration element
system.serviceModel/serviceHostingEnvironment/serviceActivations
could not be found.
我还尝试在 dotnetpanel 中创建一个指向 IISHostedCalcService 的虚拟目录 (IISHostedCalc).当我导航到 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc ，则出现不同的错误:
I also tried to create a virtual dir (IISHostedCalc) in dotnetpanel that points to IISHostedCalcService . When I navigate to http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc , then there is a different error:
This collection already contains an address with scheme http.
There can be at most one address per scheme in this collection.
有趣的是，如果我点击查看应用程序，虚拟目录似乎是一个应用程序(见下图)......尽管根据上面的错误消息，它不起作用.
Interestingly enough, if I click on View Applications, it seems like the virtual directory is an application (see image below)... although, as per the error message above, it doesn't work.
这是不是一个应用程序?http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/f3230be046.png
按照教程，不涉及编译；我只是将文件放在服务器上的文件夹 IISHostedCalcService 中，如下所示:
As per the tutorial, there was no compiling involved; I just dropped the files on the server as follow inside the folder IISHostedCalcService:
service.svc
Web.config
<dir: App_Code>
Service.cs
service.svc 包含:
service.svc contains:
<%@ServiceHost language=c# Debug="true" Service="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService"%>
(我尝试在 c# 属性周围加上引号，因为没有引号看起来有点奇怪，但没有区别)
(I tried with quotes around the c# attribute, as this looks a little strange without quotes, but it made no difference)
Web.config 包含:
Web.config contains:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<services>
<service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService">
<!-- This endpoint is exposed at the base address provided by host: http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc -->
<endpoint address=""
binding="wsHttpBinding"
contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculator" />
<!-- The mex endpoint is explosed at http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex -->
<endpoint address="mex"
binding="mexHttpBinding"
contract="IMetadataExchange" />
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.web>
<customErrors mode="Off"/>
</system.web>
</configuration>
Service.cs 包含:
Service.cs contains:
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples
{
[ServiceContract]
public interface ICalculator
{
[OperationContract]
double Add(double n1, double n2);
[OperationContract]
double Subtract(double n1, double n2);
[OperationContract]
double Multiply(double n1, double n2);
[OperationContract]
double Divide(double n1, double n2);
}
public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
{
public double Add(double n1, double n2)
{
return n1 + n2;
}
public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
{
return n1 - n2;
}
public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
{
return n1 * n2;
}
public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
{
return n1 / n2;
}
}
}
推荐答案
好吧，看来我得到了这个工作.我仍然无法在 IIS 管理器中找到创建应用程序"项.这部分有点令人沮丧，但我很高兴它似乎仍然有效.
Well, it seems I got this to work. I still can't find the "Create Application" item in IIS Manager. That part is kind of frustrating, but I'm glad it appears to be working anyway.
我在 wwwroot 下创建了物理目录 IISHostedCalcService.这造成了一些混乱.这意味着 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalcService/Service.svc 几乎可以正常工作，但不应该.我将 IISHostedCalcService 移到 wwwroot 之外，现在唯一可以访问该服务的地方是 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc .
I had create the physical directory IISHostedCalcService under wwwroot. That was creating some confusion; it meant that http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalcService/Service.svc was almost working, but it shouldn't. I moved IISHostedCalcService outside wwwroot and now the only place to access the service is http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc .
然后，访问 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc 抛出这个集合已经包含一个带有 http 方案的地址.
此集合中每个方案最多只能有一个地址."错误.事实证明，解决方案是将以下内容添加到 web.config 文件中，就在 system.serviceModel 下:
Then, accessing http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc was throwing that "This collection already contains an address with scheme http.
There can be at most one address per scheme in this collection." error. It turns out the solution to that is to add the following to the web.config file, right under system.serviceModel:
<serviceHostingEnvironment>
<baseAddressPrefixFilters>
<add prefix="http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com"/>
</baseAddressPrefixFilters>
</serviceHostingEnvironment>
之后我在访问 http:///test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc:在服务 CalculatorService 实施的合同列表中找不到合同名称 IMetadataExchange".事实证明，解决方案是修改 web.config 文件如下(即，添加行为部分，并在服务元素中添加 behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior"):
After that I got a new error when ccessing http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc : "The contract name IMetadataExchange could not be found in the list of contracts implemented by the service CalculatorService". It turns out the solution to that is to modify the web.config file as follows (i.e., add the behaviors section, and behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior" in the service element):
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<serviceHostingEnvironment>
<baseAddressPrefixFilters>
<add prefix="http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com"/>
</baseAddressPrefixFilters>
</serviceHostingEnvironment>
<services>
<service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior">
...
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="SimpleServiceBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True" policyVersion="Policy15" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.web>
<customErrors mode="Off"/>
</system.web>
</configuration>
最后，我能够通过将 svcutil 指向 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/service.svc?wsdl 在 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms733133.aspx .但是，当我运行客户端时，出现调用者未通过服务验证"错误.解决这个问题最简单:只需在服务的 web.config 和客户端的 web.config 中将 binding="wsHttpBinding" 更改为 binding="basicHttpBinding" (或在更改服务的 web.config 后重新运行 svcutil).
Finally, I was able to create client proxies by pointing svcutil at http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/service.svc?wsdl in step 5c of the tutorial at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms733133.aspx . However, when I ran the client, I got a "The caller was not authenticated by the service" error. The solution to this was the simplest: just change binding="wsHttpBinding" to binding="basicHttpBinding" in the service's web.config and the client's web.config (or re-run svcutil after changing the service's web.config).
web.config 最终看起来像这样:
The web.config ended up looking like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<serviceHostingEnvironment>
<baseAddressPrefixFilters>
<add prefix="http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com"/>
</baseAddressPrefixFilters>
</serviceHostingEnvironment>
<services>
<service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior">
<!-- This endpoint is exposed at the base address provided by host: http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc -->
<endpoint address=""
binding="basicHttpBinding"
contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculator" />
<!-- The mex endpoint is explosed at http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex -->
<endpoint address="mex"
binding="mexHttpBinding"
contract="IMetadataExchange" />
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="SimpleServiceBehavior">
<!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" policyVersion="Policy15" />
<!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true. Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.web>
<customErrors mode="Off"/>
</system.web>
</configuration>
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