使用R将Stata 16文件转换为Stata 12文件 [英] Convert Stata 16 files to Stata 12 files using R

问题描述

我正在使用RStudio(运行R4.0.1)和Stata 12 for Windows，并且有大量包含Stata 16.dta文件(以及与此问题无关的其他类型文件)的文件夹。我想创建一个自动化的过程，将所有的Stata 16.dta文件转换为Stata 12格式(保留所有标签)，然后进行分析。 理想情况下，我希望保留原始文件夹和文件的名称，但将转换后的版本保存到新位置。

这是我到目前为止得到的信息：

setwd("C:/FilesLocation")
#vector with name of files to be converted
all_files <- list.files(pattern="*.dta",full.names = TRUE)
for (i in all_files){

#Load file to be converted into STATA12 version
data <- read_dta("filename.dta",
                 encoding = NULL,
                 col_select = NULL,
                 skip = 0,
                 n_max = Inf,
                 .name_repair = "unique")

#Write as .dta
write_dta(data,"c:/directory/filename.dta", version = 12, label = attr(data, "label"))
}

我不确定这是最好的方法。我知道循环中的命令对单个文件有效，但并不能真正对所有文件自动执行。

推荐答案

您的代码只需要做一些非常小的修改。我已经在下面的代码片段中指出了这些更改(以及解释它们的注释)。

library(haven)

mypath <- "C:/FilesLocation"
all_files <- list.files(path = mypath, pattern = "*.dta", full.names = TRUE)

for (i in 1:length(all_files)){ 
  #(Above) iterations need the length of the vector to be specified

  #Load file to be converted into STATA12 version
  data <- read_dta(all_files[i], #You want to read the ith element in all_files
                   encoding = NULL,
                   col_select = NULL,
                   skip = 0,
                   n_max = Inf,
                   .name_repair = "unique")

  #Add a _v12 to the filename to 
  #specify that is is version 12 now
  new_fname <- paste0(unlist(strsplit(basename(all_files[i]), "\."))[1], 
                     "_v12.", unlist(strsplit(basename(all_files[i]), "\."))[2])

  #Write as .dta
  #with this new filename
  write_dta(data, path = paste0(mypath, "/", new_fname), 
            version = 12, label = attr(data, "label"))

}

我用here中的一些.sta文件进行了尝试，脚本运行时没有出现错误。我还没有在Windows上测试过这一点，但理论上应该可以很好地工作。

编辑：以下是一个更完整的解决方案，将read_dta和write_dta封装到单个函数中dtavconv。该功能还允许用户将版本号转换为任意值(默认为12)。

#----
#.dta file version conversion function
dtavconv <- function(mypath = NULL, myfile = NULL, myver = 12){

  #Function to convert .dta file versions
  #Default version files are converted to is v12
  #Default directory is whatever is specified by getwd()

  if(is.null(mypath)) mypath <- getwd()

  #Main code block wrapped in a tryCatch()
  myres <- tryCatch(
    {

      #Load file to be converted into STATA12 version
      data <- haven::read_dta(paste0(mypath, "/", myfile),
                              encoding = NULL,
                              col_select = NULL,
                              skip = 0,
                              n_max = Inf,
                              .name_repair = "unique")

      #Add a _v12 to the filename to 
      #specify that is is version 12 now
      new_fname <- paste0(unlist(strsplit(basename(myfile), "\."))[1], 
                          "_v", myver, ".", unlist(strsplit(basename(myfile), "\."))[2])

      #Write as .dta
      #with this new filename
      haven::write_dta(data, path = paste0(mypath, "/", new_fname), 
                       version = myver, label = attr(data, "label"))

      message("
Successfully converted ", myfile, " to ", new_fname, "
")

    }, 
    error = function(cond){

      #message("Unable to write file", myfile, " as ", new_fname)
      message("
", cond, "
")
      return(NA)

    }
  )

  return(myres)
}
#----

然后，通过lapply或for循环调用该函数，即可在任意数量的文件上运行该函数，如下例所示：

#----

#Example run
library(haven)

#Set your path here below
mypath <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "dta")

#Check to see if this directory exists
#if not, create it
if(!dir.exists(mypath)) dir.create(mypath)
list.files(mypath)
# character(0)

#----
#Downloading some valid example files
myurl <- c("http://www.principlesofeconometrics.com/stata/airline.dta", 
           "http://www.principlesofeconometrics.com/stata/cola.dta")
lapply(myurl, function(x){ download.file (url = x, destfile = paste0(mypath, "/", basename(x)))})

#Also creating a negative test case
file.create(paste0(mypath, "/", "anegcase.dta"))

list.files(mypath)
# [1] "airline.dta"  "anegcase.dta" "cola.dta" 
#----


#Getting list of files in the directory
all_files <- list.files(path = mypath, pattern = "*.dta")


#Converting files using dtavconv via lapply
res <- lapply(all_files, dtavconv, mypath = mypath)
# 
# Successfully converted airline.dta to airline_v12.dta
# 
# 
# Error in df_parse_dta_file(spec, encoding, cols_skip, n_max, skip, 
# name_repair = .name_repair): Failed to parse /my/path/
# /dta/anegcase.dta: Unable to read from file.
# 
# 
# 
# Successfully converted cola.dta to cola_v12.dta
# 

list.files(mypath)
# [1] "airline_v12.dta" "airline.dta"     "anegcase.dta"    "cola_v12.dta"    
# "cola.dta" 

#Example for converting to version 14
res <- lapply(all_files, dtavconv, mypath = mypath, myver = 14)
# 
# Successfully converted airline.dta to airline_v14.dta
# 
# 
# Error in df_parse_dta_file(spec, encoding, cols_skip, n_max, skip, 
# name_repair = .name_repair): Failed to parse /my/path
# /dta/anegcase.dta: Unable to read from file.
# 
# 
# 
# Successfully converted cola.dta to cola_v14.dta
# 

list.files(mypath)
# [1] "airline_v12.dta" "airline_v14.dta" "airline.dta"     "anegcase.dta"    
# "cola_v12.dta"    "cola_v14.dta"    "cola.dta" 

#----

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