在分配AWK shell变量 [英] Assign a Shell variable in AWK

问题描述

我有这样的字符串

/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest/incoming/TEST040511.txt
/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest2/incoming/TEST040512.txt
/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest3/incoming/TEST040513.txt

etc..I要提取字符串audicerttest /来电，audicerttest2 /入等成一个shell变量，后来在脚本中使用它。我想这样的事情。

etc..I want to extract strings 'audicerttest/incoming', audicerttest2/incoming' etc into a shell variable and use it later in the script. I tried something like this.

for file in `find ${ROOT}/* -type f | grep -v -f test.txt`
do
let count++
echo ${count}: ${file}
echo ${file} | eval $(awk '{split($0,a,"/"); print "abc=a[6]/a[7]"}' < /dev/null)
echo abc====$abc
done

但它没有给农行任何输出。

but its not giving any output for abc.

推荐答案

有一些问题，但让我们找出问题并解决他们一次。

There are a number of issues, but let's isolate problems and tackle them one at a time.

由于 - 原始字符串：

Given - Raw string:

/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest/incoming/TEST040511.txt

所需的输出 - 你想这个部分被保存在一个变量：

Desired Output - You want this part to be saved in a variable:

audicerttest/incoming

操作方法 - 这将做到这一点：

How-To - This will do it:

string="/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest/incoming/TEST040511.txt"
parsed=$(awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="/"} {print $6, $7}' <<< ${string})

---

在一般情况下，假设你有一个名为 input_file.txt ：

/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest/incoming/TEST040511.txt
/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest2/incoming/TEST040512.txt
/home/rm/home-scripts/originals/audicerttest3/incoming/TEST040513.txt

您可以这样做：

awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="/"} {print $6, $7}' input_file.txt > parsed_vars.txt

和 parsed_vars.txt 将包含：

audicerttest/incoming
audicerttest2/incoming
audicerttest3/incoming

---

的几点说明：

• 解析= $（...） - 生成一个子shell和子shell内输出保存到标准输出到变量解析


• 的awk'BEGIN {FS = OFS =/} - 调用 AWK ，并设置分隔符为 / 的输入和输出。


• {打印$ 6，$ 7} - 根据您的原始字符串格式，要打印第6（audicerttest）和7号（进入）领域。


• ＆LT;＆LT;＆LT; $ {字符串} 是使用符号 herestring


• input_file.txt＆GT; parsed_vars.txt - 从指定的输入文件中读取，并输出重定向到一个输出文件

• parsed=$(...) - spawn a subshell and save the output to stdout within that subshell to the variable parsed
• awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="/"} - invoke awk and set delimiter as / for both input and output.
• {print $6, $7}' - based on the format of your raw strings, you want to print the 6th (audicerttest) and the 7th (incoming) fields.
• <<< ${string} is the notation for using herestring
• input_file.txt > parsed_vars.txt - read from specified input file, and redirect output to an output file.

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