wxPython的 - 借鉴透明/阿尔法的背景(自定义部件/板) [英] wxPython - drawing on transparent/alpha background (for custom widgets/panels)
问题描述
我在Ubuntu Linux学习wxPython的 - 我想定义自己的小部件,它基本上是一条线,我想在窗口移动..我取得了一些进展,但问题是我不能让'部件'在一个透明的背景'画';尽我所能得到的是像这样(的黄线应该是一个独立的小部件具有透明背景 - 但背景有黑色噪音的):
我想出了code如下。我不想整个窗口透明(的wxPython - Python的屏幕上绘制 - 堆栈溢出) ;我知道wx.TRANSPARENT仅适用于文本,我应该尝试wx.GCDC,我做到了,但它不工作(的 wx.PaintDC和SetBackgroundMode(wx.TRANSPARENT)的支持 - wxPython的用户|谷歌论坛),显然,这一点,wxGTK是不可能的(<一href=\"http://wxpython-users.1045709.n5.nabble.com/transparent-background-for-a-panel-widget-td2362723.html\"相对=nofollow> wxPython的用户 - 对于面板部件透明背景)...
看来唯一的办法是使用透明位图/图像,然后使用它作为背景自定义窗口小部件,那会是正确的?如果是这样,有没有产生该位图/图像直接在wxPython中(我的目标一个自包含的脚本,我讨厌使其依赖于外部巴纽:)可能性的)?如果这是一个可行的方法,可以有人点我到最低工作示例(,因为我找不到这种使用任何的例子在所有的)..
在此先感谢您的帮助,结果
干杯!
这上面产生图像code:
#!的/ usr / bin中/蟒蛇
# - * - 编码:UTF-8 - * - 进口WX类CustomLine(wx.Panel):#PyControl
对于A线自定义类
从http://wiki.wxpython.org/CreatingCustomControls修改
高清__init __(自我,父母,ID = wx.ID_ANY,标签=,POS = wx.DefaultPosition,
大小= wx.DefaultSize,风格= wx.NO_BORDER,验证= wx.DefaultValidator,
NAME =CustomLine):
默认的类构造函数。 @param父:父窗口。切不可无。
@param ID:CustomLine标识符。值-1表示默认值。
@param标签:显示文本旁边的复选框。
@param POS:CustomLine位置。如果位置(-1,-1)被指定
那么默认的位置被选中。
@参数尺寸:CustomLine大小。如果默认大小(-1,-1)被指定
然后默认大小选择。
@参数风格:在本演示中没有使用,CustomLine只有2状态
@参数验证:验证窗口。
@参数名称:窗口名称。
#〜wx.PyControl .__的init __(自我,父母,编号,POS,大小,样式,验证,名称)
wx.Panel .__的init __(自我,父母,编号,POS,大小,样式) #绑定关系到我们控制的事件:首先,我们使用
wx.BufferedPaintDC的号组合和一个空的处理程序
#wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND(见下文),以减少闪烁
self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self.OnPaint)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND,self.OnEraseBackground)
self.lpen = wx.Pen('黄色',2,wx.SOLID)
self.imagebkg = wx.EmptyImage(10,10)
#〜self.imagebkg.SetData((255,255,255))
#〜self.imagebkg.SetAlphaData(1) 高清的OnPaint(个体经营,事件):
句柄CustomLine的wx.EVT_PAINT事件 #如果你想减少闪烁,一个良好的出发点是
#使用wx.BufferedPaintDC。
PDC = wx.BufferedPaintDC(个体经营)
DC = wx.GCDC(PDC) #是建议您不要过度拥挤OnPaint事件
#(或任何其他事件)有很多code,所以让我们做的
在Draw()方法#实际绘制,传递新
#初始化wx.BufferedPaintDC
self.Draw(DC) 高清画(个体经营,DC):
实际执行绘图操作,位图和
文本,定位它们垂直居中。
#获取自己的实际客户端大小
宽度,高度= self.GetClientSize() 如果没有宽度或高度不:
#没事做,我们还没有尺寸!
返回 #初始化wx.BufferedPaintDC,分配背景
#颜色和前景色(绘制文本)
#〜backColour = self.GetBackgroundColour()
#〜backBrush = wx.Brush((1,1,1,150),wx.TRANSPARENT)#backColour
#〜backBrush = wx.Brush((10,10,1,150))#backColour
dc.SetBackground(wx.TRANSPARENT_BRUSH)#()backBrush
#〜dc.SetBackgroundMode(wx.TRANSPARENT)
dc.Clear() dc.SetPen(self.lpen)
dc.DrawLine(0,0,100,100) 高清OnEraseBackground(个体经营,事件):
句柄CustomLine的wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND事件 #这是故意空的,因为我们使用的是组合
wx.BufferedPaintDC的#+空OnEraseBackground事件
#减少闪烁
通过类MyTestFrame(wx.Frame):
高清__init __(自我,父母,标题):
超(MyTestFrame,个体经营).__的init __(父母,标题=标题,
大小=(250,150)) #帧的主面板 - 添加面板,所以它看起来在所有平台上正确
self.panel = wx.Panel(个体经营,wx.ID_ANY)
#self.panel.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour(124,224,124))#确认广场是面板 self.mpanelA = wx.Panel(self.panel,-1,大小=(200,50))
self.mpanelA.SetBackgroundColour((200100200))
self.mpanelB = wx.Panel(self.panel,-1,大小=(50200),POS =(50,30))
self.mpanelB.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour(200100100100)) self.cline = CustomLine(self.panel,-1,大小=( - 1200)) self.Centre()
self.Show()
如果__name__ =='__main__':
应用= wx.App()
MyTestFrame(无,测试)
app.MainLoop()
也许你应该看看直流GraphicsContext istead(的DrawingContext)。它具有透明度更好的支持,就像在面板绘制矩形透明
I'm learning wxPython on Ubuntu Linux - and I would like to define my own widget, which is basically a line, which I'd like to move around the window.. I'm getting somewhere, but the problem is that I cannot get the 'widget' to 'draw' on a transparent background; best I can get is something like this (the yellow line should be an independent widget with a transparent background - but the background there is black with noise):
The code I came up with is below. I don't want the whole window transparent (wxpython - Python drawing on screen - Stack Overflow); I'm aware wx.TRANSPARENT is only for text, and I should try wx.GCDC, which I did, but it isn't working (wx.PaintDC and SetBackgroundMode( wx.TRANSPARENT ) support - wxPython-users | Google Groups), and apparently, this, on "wxGTK it is not possible" (wxPython-users - transparent background for a panel widget)...
It seems the only way would be to use a transparent bitmap/Image, and then use that as background for a custom widget, would that be correct? If so, is there a possibility to generate this bitmap/image directly in wxPython (I'm aiming for a self-contained script, I'd hate to make it dependent on an external .png :)) ? And if this is a possible approach, can someone point me to a minimal working example (as I cannot find any examples for this kind of use at all)..
Thanks in advance for any help,
Cheers!
code that generated image above:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import wx
class CustomLine(wx.Panel): #PyControl
"""
A custom class for a line
Modified from http://wiki.wxpython.org/CreatingCustomControls
"""
def __init__(self, parent, id=wx.ID_ANY, label="", pos=wx.DefaultPosition,
size=wx.DefaultSize, style=wx.NO_BORDER, validator=wx.DefaultValidator,
name="CustomLine"):
"""
Default class constructor.
@param parent: Parent window. Must not be None.
@param id: CustomLine identifier. A value of -1 indicates a default value.
@param label: Text to be displayed next to the checkbox.
@param pos: CustomLine position. If the position (-1, -1) is specified
then a default position is chosen.
@param size: CustomLine size. If the default size (-1, -1) is specified
then a default size is chosen.
@param style: not used in this demo, CustomLine has only 2 state
@param validator: Window validator.
@param name: Window name.
"""
#~ wx.PyControl.__init__(self, parent, id, pos, size, style, validator, name)
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, id, pos, size, style)
# Bind the events related to our control: first of all, we use a
# combination of wx.BufferedPaintDC and an empty handler for
# wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND (see later) to reduce flicker
self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.OnPaint)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND, self.OnEraseBackground)
self.lpen = wx.Pen('yellow', 2, wx.SOLID)
self.imagebkg = wx.EmptyImage( 10, 10 )
#~ self.imagebkg.SetData((255,255,255))
#~ self.imagebkg.SetAlphaData((1))
def OnPaint(self, event):
""" Handles the wx.EVT_PAINT event for CustomLine. """
# If you want to reduce flicker, a good starting point is to
# use wx.BufferedPaintDC.
pdc = wx.BufferedPaintDC(self)
dc = wx.GCDC(pdc)
# Is is advisable that you don't overcrowd the OnPaint event
# (or any other event) with a lot of code, so let's do the
# actual drawing in the Draw() method, passing the newly
# initialized wx.BufferedPaintDC
self.Draw(dc)
def Draw(self, dc):
"""
Actually performs the drawing operations, for the bitmap and
for the text, positioning them centered vertically.
"""
# Get the actual client size of ourselves
width, height = self.GetClientSize()
if not width or not height:
# Nothing to do, we still don't have dimensions!
return
# Initialize the wx.BufferedPaintDC, assigning a background
# colour and a foreground colour (to draw the text)
#~ backColour = self.GetBackgroundColour()
#~ backBrush = wx.Brush((1,1,1,150), wx.TRANSPARENT) # backColour
#~ backBrush = wx.Brush((10,10,1,150)) # backColour
dc.SetBackground(wx.TRANSPARENT_BRUSH) #() backBrush
#~ dc.SetBackgroundMode(wx.TRANSPARENT)
dc.Clear()
dc.SetPen(self.lpen)
dc.DrawLine(0, 0, 100, 100)
def OnEraseBackground(self, event):
""" Handles the wx.EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND event for CustomLine. """
# This is intentionally empty, because we are using the combination
# of wx.BufferedPaintDC + an empty OnEraseBackground event to
# reduce flicker
pass
class MyTestFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, title):
super(MyTestFrame, self).__init__(parent, title=title,
size=(250, 150))
# the master panel of the frame - "Add a panel so it looks correct on all platforms"
self.panel = wx.Panel(self, wx.ID_ANY)
# self.panel.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour(124, 224, 124)) # to confirm the square is the panel
self.mpanelA = wx.Panel(self.panel, -1, size=(200,50))
self.mpanelA.SetBackgroundColour((200,100,200))
self.mpanelB = wx.Panel(self.panel, -1, size=(50,200), pos=(50,30))
self.mpanelB.SetBackgroundColour(wx.Colour(200,100,100,100))
self.cline = CustomLine(self.panel, -1, size=(-1,200))
self.Centre()
self.Show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = wx.App()
MyTestFrame(None, 'Test')
app.MainLoop()
maybe you should have a look at GraphicsContext istead of dc (DrawingContext). It has better support for transparency, like drawing transparent rectangles on to of a panel.
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