如何对grep在tar归档文件的模式，而不会填满磁盘空间 [英] How to grep for a pattern in the files in tar archive without filling up disk space

问题描述

我有一个tar归档，这是非常大〜5GB。

I have a tar archive which is very big ~ 5GB.

我想对grep上的所有文件的模式（也印有图案的文件的名称）存档，但不希望通过提取档案，填补了我的磁盘空间。

I want to grep for a pattern on all files (and also print the name of the file that has the pattern ) in the archive but do not want to fill up my disk space by extracting the archive.

反正我能做到这一点？

我尝试了这些，但是这并没有给我包含模式的文件名，只是匹配的行：

I tried these, but this does not give me the file names that contain the pattern, just the matching lines:

tar -O -xf test.tar.gz | grep 'this'
tar -xf test.tar.gz --to-command='grep awesome'

另外其中焦油此功能记录？焦油XF test.tar $文件

Also where is this feature of tar documented? tar xf test.tar $FILE

推荐答案

下面是我拿到这个：

while read filename; do tar -xOf file.tar "$filename" | grep 'pattern' | sed "s|^|$filename:|"; done < <(tar -tf file.tar | grep -v '/$')

爆发了解释：

• 同时读取的文件名;做 - 这是一个循环......


• 焦油-xOf文件.tar$文件名 - 此提取每个文件...


• | grep的'模式' - 这里就是你把你的模式...


• | SEDS | ^ | $文件名：| - prePEND文件名，所以这个样子的grep。盐适量。


• 完成＆LT; ≤（焦油-tf文件.tar | grep的-v'/ $'） - 结束循环，获取文件的列表，以FEAD你的而读。

• while read filename; do -- it's a loop...
• tar -xOf file.tar "$filename" -- this extracts each file...
• | grep 'pattern' -- here's where you put your pattern...
• | sed "s|^|$filename:|"; - prepend the filename, so this looks like grep. Salt to taste.
• done < <(tar -tf file.tar | grep -v '/$') -- end the loop, get the list of files as to fead to your while read.

一个条件：这打破，如果你有或棒材（ | ），在您的文件名

One proviso: this breaks if you have OR bars (|) in your filenames.

嗯。其实，这使得一个不错的bash函数，你可以附加到你的的.bashrc 文件：

Hmm. In fact, this makes a nice little bash function, which you can append to your .bashrc file:

targrep() {

  local taropt=""

  if [[ ! -f "$2" ]]; then
    echo "Usage: targrep pattern file ..."
  fi

  while [[ -n "$2" ]]; do    

    if [[ ! -f "$2" ]]; then
      echo "targrep: $2: No such file" >&2
    fi

    case "$2" in
      *.tar.gz) taropt="-z" ;;
      *) taropt="" ;;
    esac

    while read filename; do
      tar $taropt -xOf "$2" \
       | grep "$1" \
       | sed "s|^|$filename:|";
    done < <(tar $taropt -tf $2 | grep -v '/$')

  shift

  done
}

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