$ HOME和“〜”（代字号）之间的区别？ [英] Difference between $HOME and '~' (tilde)?
问题描述
我以前一直以为 $ HOME 和〜都是一模一样的，因此可以
可以互换使用。今天，当我试图安装的 pylibmc 的，巨蟒
结合memcached的，我的共享服务器上使用〜的给了我的错误，但不 $ HOME 。我想弄明白为什么。
I had always thought that $HOME and ~ were exactly the same and thus could
be used interchangeably. Today, when I tried to install pylibmc, a python
binding to memcached, on my shared server the use of ~ gave me error but not
$HOME. I would like to reason out why.
的 libmemcached 的是 pylibmc 的要求。我的 libmemcached 的安装
我的主目录下的，因为我已经在服务器上没有根。其结果是，对
安装的 pylibmc 的，我需要确保安装脚本知道到哪里
找到的 libmemcached 的
libmemcached is a requirement for pylibmc. I have libmemcached installed under my home directory because I have no root on the server. As a result, to install pylibmc, I need to make sure the installation script knows where to find libmemcached.
在执行蟒蛇的setup.py安装--with-libmemcached =〜，安装
脚本运行
When executing python setup.py install --with-libmemcached=~, the installation
script runs
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall \
-Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DUSE_ZLIB -I~/include \
-I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c _pylibmcmodule.c \
-o build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/_pylibmcmodule.o -fno-strict-aliasing
，它给出了 libmemcached 的无法找到。
如果我更改为 - 与-libmemcached = $ HOME ，运行脚本
If I change to --with-libmemcached=$HOME, the script runs
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall \
-Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DUSE_ZLIB -I/home/waterbotte/include \
-I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c _pylibmcmodule.c \
-o build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/_pylibmcmodule.o -fno-strict-aliasing
没有任何问题。它看起来像问题是，波浪没有得到解决。但是，为什么？
without any problem. It looks like the problem is that tilde doesn't get resolved. But why?
推荐答案
外壳替换〜与用户的主目录（更新：或也许一些其他用户的主目录下，如果〜后跟超过 / ），但唯一的其他东西如果它是一个单词的第一个字符。
The shell replaces ~ with the user's home directory (update: or perhaps by the home directory of some other user, if ~ is followed by something other than a /), but only if it's the first character of a word.
- 与-libmemcached =〜的〜不是在开始的时候，所以外壳离开单干。
--with-libmemcached=~ has ~ not in the beginning, so the shell leaves it alone.
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