的Windows拷贝命令返回codeS？ [英] Windows copy command return codes?

问题描述

我想测试的批处理文件副本成功/失败，但我不能找到如有错误级别codeS返回了任何文档。例如：

 复制X Y
如果％ERRORLEVEL％。 EQ 1.（
    回声复制X Y失败，由于...
    出口/ B
）其他（
  如果％ERRORLEVEL％EQ 2（
      回声复制X Y失败，由于...
      出口/ B
   ）
...等...
）
 

解决方案

我想在这种情况下，选择 XCOPY 由于错误级别都记录（见的 XCOPY文档，下面转述）：

 退出
code说明
==== ===========
  0文件没有错误被复制。
  1没有找到要复制的文件。
  2，用户pressed CTRL + C终止XCOPY。
  发生4初始化错误。那没有
      足够的内存或磁盘空间，或者您输入
      无效的驱动器名称或无效的语法上
      命令行。
  发生5磁盘写入错误。
 

在任何情况下， XCOPY 是一个更为强大的解决方案。为复制借助相当于文档不记录错误的水平。

---

顺便说一句，你可能要重新考虑你的使用％ERRORLEVEL％的变量。的那有讨厌的后果（至少在某些Windows版本），如果有人已经明确像一些愚蠢的：

 设置错误级别= 22
 

在这些情况下，实际的可变的将被使用，而不是grebbing实际误差级别。这样做的正常的方式是（因为在错误级别递减的顺序是大于或等于检查）：

 如果错误级别2（
    回声复制X Y失败，由于原因2
    出口/ B）
如果错误级别1（
    回声复制X Y失败，由于原因1
    出口/ B
）
 

---

如果您运行的是Win7的或Win Server 2008或更高，你应该考虑的的Robocopy ，也就是现在的preferred大规模复制的解决方案。

I would like to test for the success/failure of a copy in a batch file, but I can't find any documentation on what if any errorlevel codes are returned. For example

copy x y
if %errorlevel%. eq 1. (
    echo Copy x y failed due to ...
    exit /B
) else (
  if %errorlevel% eq 2. (
      echo Copy x y failed due to ...
      exit /B
   )
... etc ...
)

解决方案

I'd opt for xcopy in this case since the error levels are documented (see xcopy documentation, paraphrased below):

Exit
code  Description
====  ===========
  0   Files were copied without error.
  1   No files were found to copy.
  2   The user pressed CTRL+C to terminate xcopy.
  4   Initialization error occurred. There is not
      enough memory or disk space, or you entered
      an invalid drive name or invalid syntax on
      the command line.
  5   Disk write error occurred.

In any case, xcopy is a far more powerful solution. The equivalent documentation for copy does not document the error levels.

---

As an aside, you may want to rethink your use of the %errorlevel% variable. That has nasty ramifications (at least in some versions of Windows) if someone has explicitly done something silly like:

set errorlevel=22

In those cases, the actual variable will be used rather than grebbing the actual error level. The "normal" way of doing this is (in decreasing order since errorlevel is a "greater than or equal to" check):

if errorlevel 2 (
    echo Copy x y failed due to reason 2
    exit /B

)
if errorlevel 1 (
    echo Copy x y failed due to reason 1
    exit /B
)

---

If you are running Win7 or Win Server 2008 or later, you should look into Robocopy, which is now the preferred mass-copy solution..

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