Windows批处理文件：变量在循环 [英] Windows batch file:Variables in loop

问题描述

我想递归地复制文件
然后他们根据自己的containg文件夹名称重命名。


我想从路径中提取文件夹名称。
到目前为止，我得到这个，但id不工作：

 
SETmypath中= C：\\ MyFolder文件\\SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansionFOR / R％mypath中％%% f执行（    ECHO%%〜PF::〜pF的扩展F到一个路径    ::这是我的情况下，一个变量（一个文件的长度自带弗罗马函数调用）
    SET / A intFileLength = 5
    SET strPathOnly = %%〜pF的    SET FOLDERNAME = strPathOnly：〜！-intFileLength！
    ECHO提取的文件夹名称：文件夹名！
）ENDLOCAL
 

这是我的回声

解压的文件夹名称：strPathOnly：〜-intFileLength

 
    SET / A intFileLength = 5    ::下面的作品
    SET FOLDERNAME = strPathOnly：-5〜！    ::这一次不起作用
    SET FOLDERNAME = strPathOnly：〜！-intFileLength！
 

解决方案

您FOR循环是一个烂摊子 - FOR循环离不开一个IN（）子句工作。我只能猜测你的意图是什么。

无论如何，你不能做对的子串变量的操作 - 你操纵它之前，你必须存储在一个环境变量的值。此外，还必须伯爵转移到FOR变量，以便用户可以使用它作为延迟扩展中的一个子的说法。

 关闭@echo
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
SETmypath中= C：\\ MyFolder文件\\FOR / R％mypath中％%% f由于（*）DO（
  设置海峡= %%〜PF
  SET / A suffixToExtractLength = 5
  （！suffixToExtractLength）对%% N的做SET结果= STR：！〜 -  %% N
  ECHO提取字符：！结果！
）
ENDLOCAL
 

I am trying to copy files recursively and then rename them according their containg folder name.
I am trying to extract folder name from path. So far I got this but id does not work:

SET "MyPath=C:\MyFolder\"

SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion

FOR /R "%MyPath%" %%F DO (

    ECHO "%%~pF" :: ~pF expands F to a path only

    :: this is in my case a variable (length of a file that comes froma function call)
    SET /a intFileLength=5 


    SET strPathOnly=%%~pF

    SET folderName=!strPathOnly:~-intFileLength!
    ECHO "Extracted folder name: " !folderName!
)

endlocal

This is my echo
Extracted folder name: " strPathOnly:~-intFileLength

    SET /a intFileLength = 5

    :: The following works
    SET folderName=!strPathOnly:~-5!

    :: This one does not work
    SET folderName=!strPathOnly:~-intFileLength!

解决方案

Your FOR loop is a mess - a FOR loop cannot work without an IN() clause. I can only guess what your intent is.

Regardless, you cannot do substring operations on FOR variables - you must store the value in an environment variable before you manipulate it. Also, you must transfer the count to a FOR variable so that you can use it as a substring argument within delayed expansion.

@echo off
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
SET "MyPath=C:\MyFolder\"

FOR /R "%MyPath%" %%F in (*) DO (
  set "str=%%~pF"
  SET /a suffixToExtractLength=5
  for %%N in (!suffixToExtractLength!) do SET "result=!str:~-%%N!"
  ECHO Extracted characters: !result!
)
endlocal

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