查找鉴于命名空间属性的所有元素 [英] Find All Elements Given Namespaced Attribute

问题描述

如果我有这样的事情：

<p>blah</p>
<p foo:bar="something">blah</p>
<p foo:xxx="something">blah</p>

我将如何得到beautifulsoup与foo的命名空间的属性选择元素？

How would I get beautifulsoup to select elements with an attribute of the foo namespace?

例如。我想返回的第二和第三p元素。

E.g. I would like the 2nd and 3rd p elements returned.

推荐答案

BeautifulSoup（包括版本3和4）不出现治疗namespace- preFIX作为什么特别。它只是把寿namespace- preFIX和命名空间属性，因为这恰好有其名称中的冒号的属性。

BeautifulSoup (both version 3 and 4) does not appear to treat the namespace-prefix as anything special. It just treats tho namespace-prefix and namespaced attribute as an attribute that happens to have a colon in its name.

因此​​，要找到为＆LT; P＆GT; 与在富命名空间属性的元素，你只需要循环通过所有的属性键，如果检查attr.startswith（'富'）：

So to find as <p> elements with attributes in the foo namespace, you just have to loop through all the attribute keys and check if attr.startswith('foo'):

import BeautifulSoup as bs
content = '''\
<p>blah</p>
<p foo:bar="something">blah</p>
<p foo:xxx="something">blah</p>'''

soup = bs.BeautifulSoup(content)
for p in soup.find_all('p'):
    for attr in p.attrs.keys():
        if attr.startswith('foo'):
            print(p)
            break

收益

<p foo:bar="something">blah</p>
<p foo:xxx="something">blah</p>

---

使用 LXML 可以通过XPath，它确实有被命名搜索属性语法的支持搜索：

---

With lxml you can search by XPath, which does have syntax support for searching for attributes by namespace:

import lxml.etree as ET
content = '''\
<root xmlns:foo="bar">
<p>blah</p>
<p foo:bar="something">blah</p>
<p foo:xxx="something">blah</p></root>'''

root = ET.XML(content)
for p in root.xpath('p[@foo:*]', namespaces={'foo':'bar'}):
    print(ET.tostring(p))

收益

<p xmlns:foo="bar" foo:bar="something">blah</p>
<p xmlns:foo="bar" foo:xxx="something">blah</p>

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