跨浏览器测试:在一台机器上的所有主流浏览器 [英] Cross-browser testing: All major browsers on ONE machine
问题描述
本指南的目的:
- 运行多个未修改的原生 Internet Explorer的版本,结果
Safari浏览器,歌剧,Chrome和Firefox的一台机器上,并排侧
href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10541225/cross-browser-testing-all-major-browsers-on-one-machine#10541470\">part 1 :
- 目录
- 哪些浏览器必须进行测试?
- 如何创建一个Windows XP虚拟机而启动迅速,且永不过期?
- 在哪里可以了必要的软件(VM图像,浏览器,...)下载?
也包括在<一个href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10541225/cross-browser-testing-all-major-browsers-on-one-machine#10541484\">part 2 :
- 安装与IE,Firefox,歌剧,Chrome和Safari配置指南。
- 开发工具和快捷方式。
- 时间和磁盘空间成本
的很多路段都是独立的。例如,上运行的浏览器的多个版本指令是普遍适用的。的
目录
- 哪些浏览器必须进行测试?
- 经验法则:应该包含浏览器
- preparation
- Windows XP中
- 的Windows 7+(对于IE9 +)
- 浏览器下载
- 的Internet Explorer
- 火狐
- 歌剧
- 铬
- Safari浏览器
- 的Adobe Flash Player
- 下载摘要
- 沙盘
<一个href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10541225/cross-browser-testing-all-major-browsers-on-one-machine#10541484\">Part 2:安装和配置
- 的Internet Explorer
- 火狐
- 歌剧
- 铬
- Safari浏览器
- 开发人员工具(和快捷方式)
- 测量建立时间和磁盘空间
- 每个浏览器需要(安装和放大器;配置)时间
- 最佳用法
- 在
http://10.0.2.2:8888/
首页
块引用>
1。哪些浏览器已经被测试?
块引用>统计数字很快过时。出于这个原因,我指的是使用份额的维基百科上,下面的站点为最新的浏览器版本信息。每个站点由一个简短的使用指南后缀。
- 我可以使用 - 浏览器使用表的基础上,从StatCounter的和其他来源的数据
- StatCounter的 - 统计:浏览器版本|时间段:上个月 截图
。- W3Counter - 查看存档报告:
2012年1月
(选择最近一个月)。 截图 。- 维基 - 进入底部开的最新报告显示,SquidReportClients
- Clicky - 该网站提供了各个版本的screenshot 。
经验法则:哪个浏览器应该包括
- 火狐:最新的 ESR发布 +最新的稳定主要版本。 发行说明 | 对于开发人员 | 快速发布计划
- 歌剧:12.x的+最新的稳定版本。 版本记录 结果
从Opera 15,Opera使用了相同的引擎,Chrome浏览器。相当多的用户仍在使用Opera 12的,但(剧院15被释放时,UX显著改变)。- Safari浏览器:在5.1.7(视窗)+最新版本。 Release说明 结果
不幸的是,苹果公司不再支持为Windows,所以你需要拥有一台Mac或在虚拟机上运行OS X的Safari浏览器中测试页面。- Chrome浏览器:最新稳定版本。 发行说明
- 的Internet Explorer :IE8 +。 功能记录 结果
这实际上取决于你的客户。本指南教你如何让IE6和7为好,但这些浏览器都已经死了,或接近死了。 IE8在Windows XP中,仍然使用了大量的Internet Explorer最后支持的版本。备注
这些天,大多数Web浏览器使用某种形式与自动更新的快速释放。在本指南中写着,该版本并不频繁,因此它是建立一套浏览器,而无需回头有用的。结果
除非你故意要测试在旧的浏览器应用程序,只需获得最新版本的浏览器,让管理版本的自动更新照顾。如果你并不需要太多的灵活性,赶紧想测试一个网页,我建议看看 BrowserStack.com 一>。注册后,你可以得到一个30分钟的免费试用,您的浏览器中授予您大量的桌面和移动浏览器访问,直接。
2。 preparation
块引用>在设置机器,下载所有必要的文件(参见下载摘要在本节结束时)。所有文件都将被通过共享文件夹 <一个与虚拟机共享href=\"http://www.techsmartlife.com/2012/01/09/share-and-write-files-between-host-and-guest-os-on-virtualbox/\">What?怎么样? 。
- 虚拟化软件( VirtualBox的的建议,它是免费的,甚至用于商业用途。以下是书面的VirtualBox 记在心里。)
- 的Windows XP
- 从 modern.IE 网站下载的VirtualBox IE6的XP映像。提取
.ova
文件中并运行它以它导入VirtualBox的。 (图片还可以用于其他虚拟化产品,如VMware,的Parallels,虚拟PC和Hyper-V)
- IE6对于VirtualBox虚拟XP映像在Windows 约764MB
- IE6 XP映像在Mac 有关717MB
- IE6对于VirtualBox的Linux上 约771MB
XP映像- preparing使用图像:
- VirtualBox的设置:启用网络适配器,但做的不可以虚拟机连接到真正的网络
- VirtualBox的设置:创建一个只读共享文件夹。
此文件夹将被用于在主机操作系统和客户机操作系统之间传输数据。- 运行
网络使用X:\\\\ vboxsvr \\ WinShared
(假设该共享文件夹名为WinShared
此将网络目录绑定到X:
驱动器)- 的可选的:安装 <一个href=\"http://www.google.com/search?q=Antiwpa-V3.4.6_for_X64_and_X86.zip+download\">AntiWPA禁用激活检查,如果你使用的图像超过30天。
- 的可选的:禁用页面文件(电脑>属性>高级>性能>高级>虚拟内存>更改>无分页>设置[确认])
- 的可选的:禁用<一个href=\"http://www.blackviper.com/2008/05/19/black-vipers-windows-xp-x86-32-bit-service-pack-3-service-configurations/\">unnecessary服务通过
开始&gt;润GT;
SERVICES.MSC
结果
命令由列启动类型
行,并以手动切换全部自动的服务,根据图像。每当你想安装一个MSI包,运行的网络启动msiServer
(Windows安装程序):结果
- 的可选的:禁用桌面清理向导:
桌面&GT;性状&gt;桌面&GT;自定义桌面&GT;禁用桌面清理向导每60天
- 的可选的:安装和配置的沙盘(用于在同一IE6虚拟机中运行IE7和IE8)
- 的可选的:安装 CCleaner的,运行它来配置它并清除垃圾
- 的可选的:安装的7-Zip (用于多Chrome的)
- 关闭通过客户操作系统(操作系统)系统。
- VirtualBox的设置:虚拟机连接到真正的网络搜索
的(仅适用于Internet Explorer要求在安装过程中互联网)的- 的可选的:创建虚拟机的快照,这样您就可以恢复,当你陷入困境,在下一步
。- 的Windows 7+(对于IE9 +)结果
- 下载pre-内置虚拟机映像从 modern.IE 网站。结果
这些图像是时间的轰炸,到期30天第一次使用后。当图像已过期,他们用了一个小时后关机。如果你不希望重新创建图像每次启动映像之前更改虚拟机的硬件时钟。结果
在VirtualBox的,例如,你可以使用VBoxManage modifyvm NAME_OF_VM --biossystemtimeoffset 36亿
来设定时间为1000小时以后(使用减号如果你想将其设置为在过去的某个点)。- 浏览器下载
- Internet Explorer中:
如果你想在一台机器上的IE 6-8- 推荐的方法:
- (我推荐的paying~~V 的完整版本,或的在YouTube上)。
- IE6 - pre-安装在XP虚拟机
- IE7和<一个href=\"http://download.microsoft.com/download/C/C/0/CC0BD555-33DD-411E-936B-73AC6F95AE11/IE8-WindowsXP-x86-ENU.exe\">IE8完整的离线安装
- Internet Explorer开发人员工具栏(发布信息)(对IE6 + 7)
- IE9 + - 从使用现代一个pre-内置的图像。 IE )。
- 火狐:
- 配置文件管理器 轻松管理多个配置文件
- 下载最新版本
- 下载旧版本从 ftp.mozilla.org (如果你只关心在最近旧版本,请参见 releases.mozilla.org )。
- 或使用 Utilu Mozilla Firefox的收藏。
- 歌剧:
- 下载 Opera.com 的歌剧版本。
- 铬:
- -ZIP 提取Chrome的安装程序。
- 下载网址为: FileHippo.com 特定版本。请确保您选择FileHippo镜来获得存档版本。,否则你将被重定向到从谷歌的服务器的最新版本。
- Safari浏览器:
- 从 Apple.com 下载最新版本。
- 下载 Oldapps.com 的其他版本。
- 的Adobe Flash Player
下载摘要
为了方便起见,这是明智的,有共享文件夹中的所有安装文件。这里是所有必需文件的简介(完整)列表(每步排序):
- IE6对于VirtualBox虚拟XP映像在Windows 约764MB
- IE6 XP映像在Mac 有关717MB
- IE6对于VirtualBox的Linux上 约771MB
XP映像- AntiWPA 24 KB; <一href=\"https://www.virustotal.com/file/d8275a1c165842181215a8d05f91654a61b23584c6e0174fc613d3100b090da3/analysis/\">false积极的; MD5:e5a14c47e9c26e78fccb22ee71fedd51 CCleaner的 3.5 MB 的Sandboxie 2.3 MB
- 浏览器(火狐 +的配置文件管理器,歌剧院, Chrome浏览器,的 Safari浏览器)结果
IE7 XP和IE8 XP安装程序可以在这里下载:<一href=\"http://download.microsoft.com/download/3/8/8/38889dc1-848c-4bf2-8335-86c573ad86d9/IE7-WindowsXP-x86-enu.exe\">IE7, <一href=\"http://download.microsoft.com/download/C/C/0/CC0BD555-33DD-411E-936B-73AC6F95AE11/IE8-WindowsXP-x86-ENU.exe\">IE8- 7-ZIP 1.1 MB 提取Chrome的安装程序。
- ActiveX 10.3 为IE6 +,最新的插件版本的其他浏览器。
- IE对IE6的开发者工具栏和7 626 KB
3。沙盘
块引用>沙盘是它运行在沙盒应用的轻量级的工具。它也可以用于在单个Windows机器上安装IE / Safari浏览器的多个版本。
- 下载:<一href=\"http://sandboxie.com/index.php?DownloadSandboxie\">http://sandboxie.com/index.php?DownloadSandboxie
- 补丁:扩展版本的需要以使多个同时沙箱。 的工资或他们的访问YouTube 。结果
运行多个IE / Safari浏览器版本同时需要扩展版本。如果你不介意,每次测试一个IE / Safari浏览器的版本,标准版就足够了。
安装后:- 停用提示:配置>提示>隐藏所有提示
- 默认情况下,一个黄色边框周围出现的沙盒应用程序。如果你不喜欢这样,转至配置基础:沙盒> DefaultBox>沙盒设置>外观。
对于每一个新的IE / Safari浏览器的版本,你必须遵循以下步骤:- 创建:沙盒>新建沙盒 - 输入一个名称,如IE8并确认
- 安装:IE8>运行沙盒>运行任何程序结果
选择所需的安装程序,preSS确定。- 快捷方式:在完成安装后,使用IE8>浏览内容,找到二进制并创建桌面快捷方式到应用程序
所有沙盒文件/注册表更改保存在
C:\\沙盒
。这个目录中的应用程序在默认情况下,沙箱开始。其他程序可以很容易地在沙箱中通过文本菜单开始:运行沙盒的或的发送到>沙盘> IE8清理使用CCleaner的:在主环境,运行CCleaner的,然后在各个沙箱
导航到:<一href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10541225/cross-browser-testing-all-major-browsers-on-one-machine#10541484\">Part 2
Aim of this guide:
- Running multiple unmodified native versions of Internet Explorer,
Safari, Opera, Chrome and Firefox on a single machine, side-by-side.Covered in part 1:
- Table of contents
- Which browsers have to be tested?
- How to create a Windows XP VM which boots quickly, and never expires?
- Where can the necessary software (VM image, browsers, ... ) be downloaded?
Also covered in part 2:
- Installation and configuration guide for IE, Firefox, Opera, Chrome and Safari.
- Developer tools and shortcuts.
- Time and disk space costs.
Many sections are independent. Eg, instructions on running multiple versions of a browser are generally applicable.
解决方案Contents
- Which browsers have to be tested?
- Rules of thumb: Which browsers should be included?
- Preparation
- Windows XP
- Windows 7+ (for IE9+)
- Browser downloads
- Internet Explorer
- Firefox
- Opera
- Chrome
- Safari
- Adobe Flash Player
- Download summary
- Sandboxie
Part 2: Installation and configuration- Internet Explorer
- Firefox
- Opera
- Chrome
- Safari
- Developer tools (and shortcuts)
- Measured set-up time and disk space
- Time needed per browser (install & config)
- Optimal usage
- Homepage at
http://10.0.2.2:8888/
1. Which browsers have to be tested?
Statistics are quickly outdated. For this reason, I refer to Usage share of web browsers on Wikipedia, and the following sites for the latest browser version information. Each site is suffixed by a brief usage guide.
- Can I use - Browser usage table, based on data from StatCounter and other sources.
- StatCounter - Statistic: Browser version | Time period: Last month screenshot.
- W3Counter - View archived reports:
January 2012
(Choose the last month). screenshot.- Wikimedia - Go to the bottom to open the latest report, SquidReportClients.
- Clicky - This site offers statistics for individual versions screenshot.
Rules of thumb: Which browsers should be included?
- Firefox: Latest ESR release + latest stable major version. Release notes | For developers | Rapid release schedule
- Opera: 12.x + Latest stable version. Version history
Since Opera 15, Opera uses the same engine as Chrome. Quite a lot of users are still using Opera 12 though (when Opera 15 was released, the UX significantly changed).- Safari: 5.1.7 (Windows) + Latest version. Release notes
Unfortunately, Apple dropped support for Windows, so you need to get a Mac or run OS X in a VM to test pages in Safari.- Chrome: Latest stable version. Release notes
- Internet Explorer: IE8+. Feature history
This actually depends on your clients. This guide teaches how to get IE6 and 7 as well, but these browsers are already dead, or close to dead. IE8 is the last supported version of Internet Explorer on Windows XP, which is still used a lot.Remark
These days, most web browsers use some form of rapid releases with automated updates. When this guide was written, the releases were not as frequent, and thus it was useful to set up a set of browsers without having to look back.
Unless you intentionally want to test applications in old browsers, just get the latest version of the browser and let the auto-updater take care of managing the version.If you don't need too much flexibility, and quickly want to test a page, I recommend to take a look at BrowserStack.com. After signing up, you can get a 30-minute free trial that grants you access to a lot of desktop and mobile browsers, directly within your browser.
2. Preparation
Before setting up the machine, download all necessary files (see "Download summary" at the end of this section). All files are going to be shared with the virtual machine through a shared folderWhat? How?.
- Virtualization software (VirtualBox is recommended, it is free even for commercial use. The instructions below are written with VirtualBox in mind.)
- Windows XP
- Download the IE6 XP image for VirtualBox from the modern.IE website. Extract the
.ova
file inside and run it to import it into VirtualBox. (Images are also available for other virtualization products such as VMware, Parallels, Virtual PC and Hyper-V)
- IE6 XP image for VirtualBox on Windows about 764MB
- IE6 XP image for VirtualBox on Mac about 717MB
- IE6 XP image for VirtualBox on Linux about 771MB
- Preparing the image for use:
- VirtualBox settings: Enable the network adapter, but do not connect the VM to a real network.
- VirtualBox settings: Create a read-only shared folder. This folder is going to be used to transfer data between the Host OS and the guest OS.
- Run
net use x: \\vboxsvr\WinShared
(assuming that the shared folder is calledWinShared
. This will bind the network directory to thex:
drive).- Optional: Install AntiWPA to disable the activation check if you will use the image for more than 30 days.
- Optional: Disable the paging file (Computer > Properties > Advanced > Performance > Advanced > Virtual Memory > Change > No paging > Set [confirm]).
- Optional: Disable unnecessary services via
Start > Run >
services.msc
Order the rows by columnStartup Type
, and switch all "Automatic" services to "manual", according to the image. Whenever you want to install a MSI package, runnet start msiServer
("Windows Installer"):
- Optional: Disable Desktop clean-up wizard:
Desktop > Properties > Desktop > Customize Desktop > Disable "Desktop Cleanup wizard every 60 days"
- Optional: Install and configure Sandboxie (used for running IE7 and IE8 in the same IE6 virtual machine)
- Optional: Install CCleaner, run it to configure it and clean junk.
- Optional: Install 7-Zip (used for multiple Chrome's)
- Shutdown the system via the guest OS (WinXP).
- VirtualBox settings: Connect the VM to a real network.
(Only Internet Explorer requires Internet during installation)- Optional: Create a snapshot of your VM, so that you can restore when you mess up in the next step.
- Windows 7+ (for IE9+)
- Download pre-built virtual machine images from the modern.IE website.
These images are time-bombed, they expire 30 days after first use. When the images are expired, they shut down after an hour of use. If you do not wish to re-create the images every time, change the hardware clock of your VM before activating the image.
In VirtualBox, for example, you can useVBoxManage modifyvm NAME_OF_VM --biossystemtimeoffset +3600000000
to set the time to 1000 hours in the future (use minus if you want to set it to some point in the past).- Browsers downloads
- Internet Explorer:
- Recommended method if you want IE 6-8 on a single machine:
- Requires Sandboxie (I recommend paying for the full version, or look on YouTube).
- IE6 - Pre-installed in XP VM
- IE7 and IE8 full offline installer
- Internet Explorer Developer toolbar (release information) (for IE6+7)
- IE9+ - Use a pre-built images from modern.IE).
- Firefox:
- Profile Manager To easily manage multiple profiles
- Download the latest version from Mozilla.org.
- Download old versions from ftp.mozilla.org (if you're only interested in recent old versions, see releases.mozilla.org).
- or, use Utilu Mozilla Firefox Collection.
- Opera:
- Download any Opera version from Opera.com.
- Chrome:
- Download 7-zip to extract Chrome installers.
- Download a specific version at FileHippo.com. Make sure that you select "FileHippo" mirror to get the archived version. Otherwise you will be redirected to the latest version from Google's servers.
- Safari:
- Download the latest version from Apple.com.
- Download other versions from Oldapps.com.
- Adobe Flash Player
- Download version 10.33 MB if flash has to work in IE6. Otherwise, download the latest version.
- Download the latest plugin for other browsers.
Download summary
For convenience, it's wise to have all installation files in the shared folder. Here's a brief (complete) list of all necessary files (ordered per step):
- IE6 XP image for VirtualBox on Windows about 764MB
- IE6 XP image for VirtualBox on Mac about 717MB
- IE6 XP image for VirtualBox on Linux about 771MB
- AntiWPA 24 KB; false positives; md5: e5a14c47e9c26e78fccb22ee71fedd51, CCleaner 3.5 MB, Sandboxie 2.3 MB
- Browsers (Firefox + Profile manager, Opera, Chrome, Safari)
IE7 XP and IE8 XP installers can be downloaded here: IE7, IE8- 7-zip 1.1 MB to extract Chrome's installers.
- ActiveX 10.3 for IE6+, latest plugin version for other browsers.
- IE Developer toolbar for IE6 and 7 626 KB
3. Sandboxie
Sandboxie is a lightweight tool which runs applications in a sandbox. It can also be used to install multiple versions of IE/Safari on a single Windows machine.
- Download: http://sandboxie.com/index.php?DownloadSandboxie
- Patch: The extended version is required to enable multiple sandboxes at a time. Pay them or visit YouTube.
Running multiple IE/Safari versions simultaneously requires the extended version. If you don't mind testing one IE/Safari version at a time, the standard version is sufficient.
Post-install:- Disable tips: "Configure > Tips > Hide All Tips"
- By default, a yellow border appears around sandboxed applications. If you don't like this, go to Configure base: "Sandbox > DefaultBox > Sandbox Settings > Appearance".
For each new IE/Safari version, you have to follow the following steps:- Create: "Sandbox > Create New Sandbox" - Enter a name, eg "IE8" and confirm.
- Install: "IE8 > Run Sandboxed > Run Any Program"
Select the desired installer, and press OK.- Shortcut: Upon finishing installation, use "IE8 > Explore contents", locate the binary and create a Desktop shortcut to the application.
All sandboxed file/registry changes are saved in
C:\Sandbox
. Applications in this directory start in a sandbox by default. Other programs can easily be started in a sandbox via the contextmenu: "Run Sandboxed" or "Send To > Sandboxie > IE8".Cleaning up using CCleaner: Run CCleaner in the main environment, then in the individual sandboxes.
Navigate to: Part 2
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