使用RPATH但不运行路径？ [英] use RPATH but not RUNPATH?

问题描述

本页面 - <一个href=\"http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/10/28/rpath-and-runpath/\">http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/10/28/rpath-and-runpath/ - 说，大约为了在ld.so库搜索：

This page - http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/10/28/rpath-and-runpath/ - says about order for library search in ld.so:

Unless loading object has RUNPATH:
    RPATH of the loading object,
        then the RPATH of its loader (unless it has a RUNPATH), ...,
        until the end of the chain, which is either the executable
        or an object loaded by dlopen
    Unless executable has RUNPATH:
        RPATH of the executable
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
RUNPATH of the loading object
ld.so.cache
default dirs

，然后建议：

当你船的二进制文件，请使用RPATH，而不是运行路径或保证
  它们运行之前LD_LIBRARY_PATH设置。

When you ship binaries, either use RPATH and not RUNPATH or ensure LD_LIBRARY_PATH is set before they are run.

因此​​，使用 RPATH 与 RUNPATH 是不好的，因为 RUNPATH 种-的取消 RPATH 所以间接动态加载不起作用？但是，为什么那么 RPATH 有利于 RUNPATH 的pcated德$ P $？

So, using RPATH with RUNPATH is bad because RUNPATH kind-of cancels RPATH so indirect dynamic loading doesn't work as expected? But why then RPATH got deprecated in favor of RUNPATH?

有人能解释这种情况？

推荐答案

在你船的二进制，这是很好的提供方式为用户适应二进制自己的系统，除其他事项的具体情况，调整库搜索路径。

When you ship a binary, it's good to provide means for the users to accommodate the binary to the specifics of their own system, among other things, adjusting library search paths.

一个用户一般可以调整 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 和 /etc/ld.co.conf ，这两者都与低precedence比 DT_RPATH ，即你不能覆盖的是二进制硬codeD，而如果你使用DT_RUNPATH相反，用户可以覆盖它与LD_LIBRARY_PATH。

A user can generally tweak LD_LIBRARY_PATH and /etc/ld.co.conf, both of which are with lower precedence than DT_RPATH, i.e. you can't override what is hardcoded in the binary, whereas if you use DT_RUNPATH instead, a user can override it with LD_LIBRARY_PATH.

（FWIW，我觉得 ld.so.conf中也应采取precedence超过 DT_RUNPATH ，但，反正至少我们已经有了 LD_LIBRARY_PATH ）。

(FWIW, I think ld.so.conf should also take precedence over DT_RUNPATH, but, anyway, at least we've got LD_LIBRARY_PATH).

另外，我强烈建议不同意上述使用 DT_RPATH 。国际海事组织，其最好用幽冥 DT_RPATH 不是 DT_RUNPATH 运来的二进制文件。

Also, I strongly disagree with the suggestion above to use DT_RPATH. IMO, its best to use nether DT_RPATH not DT_RUNPATH in shipped binaries.

除非

您附带的所有可执行文件的依赖库，并希望确保事情JustWork（TM）安装后，在这种情况下使用 DT_RPATH 。

you ship all your dependent libraries with your executables and wish to ensure that things JustWork(tm) after installation, in this case use DT_RPATH.

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